Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 12

Udyoga Parva Adhyāya 132 — Vidura’s Counsel on Udyama, Yaśas, and Kṣātra-Dharma

त्वमेवं प्रेतवच्छेषे कस्माद्‌ वज़हतो यथा । उत्तिष्ठ हे कापुरुष मा स्वाप्सी: शत्रुनिर्जित:,कायर! तू इस प्रकार बिजलीके मारे हुए मुर्देकी भाँति यहाँ क्यों निश्चेष्ट होकर पड़ा है? बस, तू खड़ा हो जा, शत्रुओंसे पराजित होकर यहाँ पड़ा मत रह

tvam evaṁ pretavac cheṣe kasmād vajrahato yathā | uttiṣṭha he kāpuruṣa mā svāpsīḥ śatrunirjitaḥ ||

Vāyu sprach: „Warum liegst du hier reglos wie ein Leichnam, als hätte dich ein Blitz niedergestreckt? Steh auf, du Feigling! Bleib nicht hier liegen wie einer, den die Feinde besiegt haben; versinke nicht in Hilflosigkeit.“

त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
एवम्thus, in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
प्रेतवत्like a dead man
प्रेतवत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रेतवत्
शेषेyou lie, you remain lying
शेषे:
TypeVerb
Rootशी (शे)
FormPresent, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada, Indicative
कस्मात्from what (cause)? why?
कस्मात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
वज्रहतःof one struck by a thunderbolt
वज्रहतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवज्रहत
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
यथाas, like
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
उत्तिष्ठstand up! arise!
उत्तिष्ठ:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (उत् + स्था)
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
हेO (vocative particle)
हे:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहे
कापुरुषO coward, O wretch
कापुरुष:
TypeNoun
Rootकापुरुष
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
स्वाप्सीःdo not sleep / do not lie asleep
स्वाप्सीः:
TypeVerb
Rootस्वप्
FormAorist (injunctive/precative usage with मा), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
शत्रुनिर्जितःdefeated by enemies
शत्रुनिर्जितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootशत्रुनिर्जित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कायरO coward
कायर:
TypeNoun
Rootकायर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyudeva
V
vajra (thunderbolt)
Ś
śatru (enemies)

Educational Q&A

One should not collapse into inertia or despair when faced with adversity; especially for one bound by duty, courage and decisive action are required rather than a ‘corpse-like’ surrender.

Vāyudeva rebukes someone lying inert as if dead, urging him to rise and not remain as though defeated by enemies—an exhortation to regain resolve and act in accordance with duty.