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Shloka 14

Udyoga Parva, Adhyāya 101: Bhogavatī-varṇana, Nāga-vaṃśa-kathana, and Sumukha-vivāha-prastāva

सुरभि अपने स्तनोंसे जो दूध बहाती है, वह सुधाभोजी लोगोंके लिये सुधा, स्वधाभोजी पितरोंके लिये स्वधा तथा अमृतभोजी देवताओंके लिये अमृतरूप है ।। अत्र गाथा पुरा गीता रसातलनिवासिभि: । पौराणी श्रूयते लोके गीयते या मनीषिभि:,यहाँ रसातलनिवासियोंने पूर्वकालमें जो पुरातन गाथा गायी थी, वह अब भी लोकमें सुनी जाती है और मनीषी पुरुष उसका गान करते हैं

surabhiḥ svastanebhyo yaḥ kṣīraṃ srāvayati, tad sudhābhojibhyaḥ sudhā, svadhābhojibhyaḥ pitṛbhyaḥ svadhā, amṛtabhojibhyo devebhyaś cāmṛtarūpam. atra gāthā purā gītā rasātalanivāsibhiḥ; paurāṇī śrūyate loke gīyate yā manīṣibhiḥ.

Nārada sprach: „Die Milch, die Surabhī aus ihren Eutern fließen lässt, wird für jene, die sudhā genießen, zu sudhā selbst; für die Pitṛs, die svadhā genießen, wird sie zu svadhā; und für die Götter, die amṛta genießen, wird sie zu amṛta. In diesem Zusammenhang wird eine uralte Gāthā, die einst vor Zeiten von den Bewohnern Rasātalas gesungen wurde, noch immer in der Welt vernommen, und einsichtsvolle Weise singen sie weiterhin.“

अत्रhere
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
गाथाsong, verse
गाथा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगाथा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
पुराformerly, in olden times
पुरा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
गीताsung, chanted
गीता:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootगी (धातु) / गीत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
रसातलRasatala (netherworld)
रसातल:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरसातल
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
निवासिभिःby the dwellers (inhabitants)
निवासिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनिवासिन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
पौराणीancient, traditional
पौराणी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपौराण (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
श्रूयतेis heard
श्रूयते:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormPresent, Atmanepada (passive sense), Third, Singular
लोकेin the world
लोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
गीयतेis sung
गीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootगै
FormPresent, Atmanepada (passive sense), Third, Singular
याwhich
या:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
मनीषिभिःby sages, wise men
मनीषिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमनीषिन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural

नारद उवाच

N
Nārada
S
Surabhī
P
Pitṛs (ancestors)
D
Devas (gods)
R
Rasātala (netherworld)
G
gāthā (ancient song/verse)
S
sudhā
S
svadhā
A
amṛta

Educational Q&A

A single sacred source can manifest differently according to the rightful recipient and context: the same milk becomes sudhā for sudhā-eaters, svadhā for the Pitṛs, and amṛta for the gods. The verse underscores dharma as appropriateness—each being is sustained by what is proper to its station—and affirms the authority of ancient, well-transmitted wisdom (gāthā) preserved by the wise.

Nārada introduces a traditional saying: he describes Surabhī’s milk as taking on the form of the appropriate divine/ritual nourishment for different classes of beings, and then signals that an old gāthā once sung by Rasātala-dwellers is still remembered and recited by sages, preparing the listener for an illustrative ancient verse.