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Shloka 13

Gāndhārī’s Lament and the Identification of Duḥśāsana (स्त्रीपर्व, अध्याय १८)

पूर्वजातिकृतं पापं मन्ये नाल्‍्पमिवानघ । एताभिरननिरिवद्याभिमया चैवाल्पमेधया,प्रत्यग्रवयस: पश्य दर्शनीयकुचानना: । कुलेषु जाता ह्वीमत्य: कृष्णपक्ष्माक्षिमूर्धजा: माधव! देखो, इन महिलाओंकी नयी अवस्था है। इनके वक्ष:स्थल और मुख दर्शनीय हैं। इनकी आँखोंकी बरौनियाँ और सिरके केश काले हैं। ये सब-की-सब कुलीन और सलज्ज हैं। ये हंसके समान गद्गद स्वरमें बोलती हैं; परंतु आज दुःख और शोकसे मोहित हो चहचहाती सारसियोंके समान रोती-बिलखती हुई पृथ्वीपर गिर पड़ी हैं

vaiśampāyana uvāca | pūrvajātikṛtaṃ pāpaṃ manye nālpam ivānagha | etābhir ananirivadyābhir mayā caivālpamedhayā pratyagravayasaḥ paśya darśanīyakucānanāḥ | kuleṣu jātā hrīmatyaḥ kṛṣṇapakṣmākṣimūrdhajāḥ |

Vaiśampāyana sprach: „O Makelloser, ich meine, die in einer früheren Geburt begangene Sünde ist nicht gering—begangen von diesen tadellosen Frauen und auch von mir, der ich nur wenig Einsicht habe. Sieh diese jungen Frauen: Brust und Antlitz sind lieblich anzuschauen. In edlen Geschlechtern geboren, von Natur aus schamhaft, mit schwarzen Wimpern, dunklen Augen und schwarzem Haar; und doch sind sie nun, von Schmerz und Kummer betäubt, zu Boden gestürzt, und ihre süßen Stimmen sind von sanfter Rede in Klage umgeschlagen.“

पूर्वजातिin a former birth
पूर्वजाति:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपूर्वजाति
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
कृतम्done/committed
कृतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकृ (कृत)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
पापम्sin, evil deed
पापम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाप
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
मन्येI think/consider
मन्ये:
TypeVerb
Rootमन्
FormPresent, First, Singular, Atmanepada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अल्पम्small, little
अल्पम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअल्प
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इवas if, like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अनघO sinless one
अनघ:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootअनघ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
एताभिःby/with these (women)
एताभिः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Plural
अननिरिवद्याभिःby those who are blameless
अननिरिवद्याभिः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअननिरिवद्य
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Plural
मयाby me
मया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormCommon, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अल्पमेधयाby (one) of little understanding
अल्पमेधया:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअल्पमेध
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
प्रत्यग्रवयसम्fresh youth, newly attained age
प्रत्यग्रवयसम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रत्यग्रवयस
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पश्यsee, behold
पश्य:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
दर्शनीयकुचाननाःwomen whose breasts and faces are lovely to see
दर्शनीयकुचाननाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदर्शनीयकुचानना
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
कुलेषुin noble families
कुलेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकुल
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
जाताःborn
जाताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootजन् (जात)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
ह्रीमत्यःmodest, bashful
ह्रीमत्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootह्रीमन्त्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
कृष्णपक्ष्माक्षिमूर्धजाःwomen whose eyelashes, eyes, and hair are black
कृष्णपक्ष्माक्षिमूर्धजाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकृष्णपक्ष्माक्षिमूर्धज
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
माधवO Mādhava
माधव:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootमाधव
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
A
anagha (addressed listener, traditionally Janamejaya)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames the catastrophic suffering of innocent, noble women as a manifestation of karmic consequence (“sin from a former birth”), highlighting the Mahābhārata’s ethical tension: even the blameless can be swept into the results of collective violence, urging reflection on responsibility and the far-reaching cost of war.

In Strī Parva’s lamentation scenes after the war, Vaiśampāyana describes young, modest women of good families—beautiful and irreproachable—now crushed by sorrow, collapsing and crying on the ground, as the survivors witness the devastation left by the conflict.