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Shloka 32

Vāmadeva’s Rājadharma: Norm-Setting, Counsel, and the Prevention of Rāṣṭra-Vināśa (वामदेव-प्रोक्तं राजधर्मम्)

मुख्यानमात्यान्‌ यो हित्वा निहीनान्‌ कुरुते प्रियान्‌ । स वै व्यसनमासाद्य गाधमार्तो न विन्दति

mukhyān amātyān yo hitvā nihīnān kurute priyān | sa vai vyasanam āsādya gāḍham ārto na vindati ||

Vāmadeva sprach: „Wer seine vornehmsten Minister verlässt und stattdessen mindere Männer zu Günstlingen macht—wenn ihn das Unglück trifft, versinkt er in tiefer Not und findet keine Linderung.“

मुख्यान्chief, principal
मुख्यान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमुख्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अमात्यान्ministers, counselors
अमात्यान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअमात्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हित्वाhaving abandoned
हित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootहा (जहाति)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
निहीनान्inferior, base
निहीनान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिहीन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
कुरुतेmakes, treats (as)
कुरुते:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
प्रियान्dear, favored
प्रियान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
व्यसनम्calamity, misfortune
व्यसनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootव्यसन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आसाद्यhaving encountered, having fallen into
आसाद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ + सद्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
गाढम्deeply, intensely
गाढम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootगाढ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आर्तःdistressed, afflicted
आर्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआर्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विन्दतिfinds, obtains
विन्दति:
TypeVerb
Rootविद् (विन्दति)
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

वामदेव उवाच

V
Vāmadeva
M
ministers (amātya)

Educational Q&A

A ruler must retain and honor capable, senior counselors; preferring unqualified favorites undermines governance and, in crisis, leaves one without effective support or remedy.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction on righteous rule and conduct, Vāmadeva warns about the political and moral danger of discarding competent ministers in favor of lesser men, emphasizing the consequences when adversity arrives.