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Shloka 10

Daṇḍanīti and the King as the Cause of Yuga-Order (दण्डनीतिः राजधर्मश्च युगकारणत्वम्)

पुरे जनपदे चैव तथा सामन्तराजसु | यथा न विद्युरन्योन्यं प्रणिधेयास्तथा हि ते

pure janapade caiva tathā sāmantarājasu | yathā na vidyur anyonyaṁ praṇidhe yās tathā hi te ||

Bhīṣma sprach: „In der Stadt und auf dem Land, ebenso unter den benachbarten Königen, sollen die bestellten Agenten so eingesetzt werden, dass sie einander nicht erkennen. Denn so werden sie ihren Zweck wahrhaft erfüllen.“

पुरेin the city
पुरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपुर
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
जनपदेin the countryside/district
जनपदे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootजनपद
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/also
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तथाlikewise/so
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
सामन्तराजसुamong the neighboring kings
सामन्तराजसु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसामन्तराज
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
यथाso that/as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विद्युःmight know
विद्युः:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPresent, Optative, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
अन्योन्यम्one another (mutually)
अन्योन्यम्:
Karma
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootअन्योन्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, adverbial accusative (reciprocal)
प्रणिधेयाःspies/agents to be planted
प्रणिधेयाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रणिधेय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाthus/in such a way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
P
pura (city/capital)
J
janapada (countryside/realm)
S
sāmanta-rājas (neighboring kings)
P
praṇidheya (agents/spies)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma advises a ruler to deploy intelligence agents across the capital, provinces, and neighboring courts in a compartmentalized way—agents should not know each other—so that the network remains secure and effective.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on rājadharma, Bhīṣma is outlining practical measures of governance for the king, here emphasizing covert administration and the protection of the realm through discreet, non-interlinked informants.