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Shloka 35

Prāyaścitta and Contextual Non-Culpability (प्रायश्चित्त-निमित्त-अदोषवाद)

अगम्यागमने राजन प्रायश्षित्तं विधीयते । आईद्रवस्त्रेण षण्मासान विहार्य भस्मशायिना

vyāsa uvāca | agamyāgamane rājan prāyaścittaṃ vidhīyate | ārdra-vastrena ṣaṇmāsān vihārya bhasma-śāyinā ||

Vyāsa sprach: „O König, wenn jemand mit einer Frau verkehrt, mit der der Verkehr verboten ist, wird eine Sühne vorgeschrieben. Sechs Monate lang soll er in nassen Gewändern umhergehen und auf einem Haufen Asche schlafen.“ Die Lehre betont, dass die Überschreitung sexueller und sozialer Grenzen ein schwerer Bruch des Dharma ist und eine langandauernde, demütigende Buße verlangt, die auf Selbstzucht und moralische Wiederherstellung zielt.

अगम्यin/with one who is not fit to be approached (sexually)
अगम्य:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअगम्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
आगमनेin the act of going/approaching (sexual intercourse here)
आगमने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआगमन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्रायश्चित्तम्expiation, penance
प्रायश्चित्तम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रायश्चित्त
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
विधीयतेis prescribed/ordained
विधीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootधा (वि + धा)
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Singular, Passive
आर्द्र-वस्त्रेणwith wet clothing
आर्द्र-वस्त्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआर्द्रवस्त्र
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
षण्मासान्six months (for the duration of)
षण्मासान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootषण्मास
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
विहार्यhaving roamed/wandered
विहार्य:
TypeVerb
Rootविहर्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Active
भस्म-शायिनाas one who sleeps on ashes
भस्म-शायिना:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootभस्मशायिन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
K
King (rājan)
W
wet garment (ārdra-vastra)
A
ashes (bhasma)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that violating prescribed sexual boundaries (approaching an 'agamyā') is a dharmic offense that requires formal expiation. The penance is intentionally austere—wet clothing and sleeping on ashes for six months—to cultivate restraint, remorse, and moral rehabilitation.

In the Shānti Parva’s royal-dharma instruction context, Vyāsa addresses the king and states a specific prāyaścitta for illicit intercourse with a forbidden woman, detailing the duration (six months) and the ascetic regimen (wet garments and sleeping on ashes).