Shloka 18
Adhyāya 314 — हिमवदाश्रमः, शक्तिक्षेपकथा, तथा स्वाध्यायविधिः
Himalayan Hermitage, the Myth of the Thrown Spear, and Rules of Vedic Study
सांख्यज्ञानं च तत्त्वेन पृथग्योगं तथैव च । अरिष्टानि च तत्त्वानि वक्तुमरहसि सत्तम । विदितं सर्वमेतत् ते पाणावामलकं यथा,साधुशिरोमणे! साथ ही पृथक्-पृथक् सांख्य और योगके ज्ञानका तथा मृत्युसूचक लक्षणोंका यथार्थरूपसे वर्णन कीजिये; क्योंकि ये सारी बातें आपको हाथपर रखे हुए आँवलेके समान ज्ञात हैं
Janaka uvāca:
Sāṅkhyajñānaṃ ca tattvena pṛthag yogaṃ tathaiva ca |
Ariṣṭāni ca tattvāni vaktum arhasi sattama |
Viditaṃ sarvam etat te pāṇāv āmalakaṃ yathā ||
Janaka sprach: „Erkläre mir, ihrer wahren Natur gemäß, das Wissen des Sāṅkhya und, davon getrennt, die Disziplin des Yoga; und beschreibe genau die unheilvollen Zeichen, die den Tod ankündigen. O Bester der Guten, du bist würdig, darüber zu sprechen—denn all dies ist dir so klar wie eine Āmalaka-Frucht, die in der Handfläche liegt.“
जनक उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse frames a request for clear, truthful instruction: distinguish Sāṅkhya (discriminative knowledge of reality) from Yoga (practical discipline), and explain ariṣṭas—signs understood as forewarnings of death—emphasizing that authentic teaching should present each domain precisely and without confusion.
King Janaka addresses a revered interlocutor (called “sattama”), asking for an authoritative exposition on Sāṅkhya, Yoga, and death-portents, praising the teacher’s mastery by the simile of the āmalaka fruit visible in one’s palm.