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Shloka 4

Śreyas-nirdeśa (Discerning the Superior Good): Nārada–Gālava Saṃvāda

सो<ब्रवीत्‌ पितरं पुत्र: स्वाध्यायकरणे रतम्‌ | मोक्षधर्मेष्वकुशलं मोक्षधर्मविचक्षण:,उसके पिता सदा स्वाध्यायमें ही तत्पर रहते थे, किंतु मोक्षधर्ममें इतने निपुण नहीं थे। पुत्र मोक्षधर्मके ज्ञानमें कुशल था; अत: उसने अपने पितासे पूछा

so ’bravīt pitaram putraḥ svādhyāya-karaṇe ratam | mokṣa-dharmeṣv akuśalaṃ mokṣa-dharma-vicakṣaṇaḥ ||

Bhīṣma sprach: „Der Sohn, kundig in der Lehre der Befreiung, wandte sich an seinen Vater—der stets dem vedischen Studium hingegeben war, doch in den Unterweisungen über mokṣa nicht bewandert. Da der Sohn den Weg zur Erlösung gut kannte, befragte er seinen Vater.“

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अब्रवीत्said/spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पितरम्father
पितरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पुत्रःson
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वाध्यायकरणेin the performance of self-study
स्वाध्यायकरणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वाध्याय-करण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
रतम्engaged/absorbed
रतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootरत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
मोक्षधर्मेषुin the doctrines of liberation
मोक्षधर्मेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमोक्ष-धर्म
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
अकुशलम्unskilled
अकुशलम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअकुशल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
मोक्षधर्मविचक्षणःskilled/wise in the doctrine of liberation
मोक्षधर्मविचक्षणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमोक्ष-धर्म-विचक्षण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma (speaker)
S
son (putra)
F
father (pitṛ)

Educational Q&A

The verse contrasts mere devotion to svādhyāya (scriptural study/recitation) with true proficiency in mokṣa-dharma (the discipline leading to liberation), implying that spiritual knowledge must mature into liberative understanding, not remain only at the level of study.

Bhishma introduces a scene where a son, knowledgeable about moksha, speaks to his father who is devoted to Vedic study but lacks expertise in liberation-teachings; the son’s question initiates a didactic exchange on mokṣa-dharma.