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Shloka 12

मोक्षोपाय-निर्णयः

Determination of the Means to Liberation

न मूलघात: कर्तव्यो नैष धर्म: सनातन: । अपि स्वल्पवधेनैव प्रायश्षित्तं विधीयते,इसलिये दुष्टोंको प्राणदण्ड देकर उनका मूलोच्छेद नहीं करना चाहिये। किसीकी जड़ उखाड़ना सनातन धर्म नहीं है। अपराधके अनुरूप साधारण दण्ड देना चाहिये, उसीसे अपराधीके पापोंका प्रायश्चित हो जाता है

dyumatsena uvāca |

na mūlaghātaḥ kartavyo naiṣa dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ |

api svalpavadhenaiva prāyaścittaṃ vidhīyate ||

Dyumatsena sprach: „Man soll nicht an der Wurzel schlagen, nicht völlige Vernichtung erstreben. Ein solcher Weg ist nicht das ewige Dharma. Schon durch eine leichte, angemessene Strafe wird Sühne vollzogen; so wird die Schuld des Täters abgetragen.“

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मूलघातःuprooting; destruction at the root
मूलघातः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमूलघात
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कर्तव्यःto be done; ought to be done
कर्तव्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकर्तव्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एषःthis
एषः:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मःdharma; righteous conduct
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सनातनःeternal; perennial
सनातनः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसनातन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपिeven; also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
स्वल्पवधेनby a small/limited punishment (lit. slight killing/striking)
स्वल्पवधेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वल्पवध
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
एवindeed; only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
प्रायश्चित्तम्expiation; atonement
प्रायश्चित्तम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रायश्चित्त
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
विधीयतेis prescribed; is enjoined
विधीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootधा (वि + धा)
FormPresent, Passive, Third, Singular

इुमत्सेन उवाच

D
Dyumatsena

Educational Q&A

Punishment should be proportionate and corrective, not exterminatory. Uprooting a person or group through total destruction is rejected as contrary to sanātana-dharma; mild, fitting chastisement can function as prāyaścitta (moral expiation) for wrongdoing.

In the didactic setting of Śānti Parva, Dyumatsena offers counsel on governance and moral discipline, arguing against ‘root-destruction’ (mūlaghāta) and in favor of measured penalties that reform and purify the offender.