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Shloka 13

Āśrama-dharma and Brahmacarya: Śuka’s Inquiry on Karma and Tyāga (शुक-प्रश्नः कर्मत्यागविवेकश्च)

गृहमावसतो हास्य नान्यत्‌ तीर्थ प्रतिग्रहात्‌ । देवर्षिपितृगुर्वर्थ वृद्धातुरबुभुक्षताम्‌,देवता, ऋषि, पितर, गुरु, वृद्ध, रोगी और भूखे मनुष्योंको भोजन देनेके लिये गृहस्थ ब्राह्मणको प्रतिग्रह स्वीकार करना चाहिये। प्रतिग्रहके सिवा ब्राह्मणके लिये धनसंग्रहका दूसरा कोई पवित्र मार्ग नहीं है

gṛham āvasato hāsya nānyat tīrthaṃ pratigrahāt | devarṣi-pitṛ-gurv-arthaṃ vṛddhāturabubhukṣatām ||

Vyāsa sprach: „Für einen Brahmanen, der als Hausvater lebt, gibt es keinen anderen heiligen Weg, seine Mittel zu erhalten, als Gaben anzunehmen. Diese Annahme soll geschehen, um den Göttern, den Rishis, den Ahnen und den Lehrern zu dienen—und um die Alten, die Kranken und die Hungrigen zu unterstützen. Abgesehen von der Annahme von Gaben für diese Pflichten gibt es für einen Brahmanen keinen anderen reinen Pfad, Ressourcen anzusammeln.“

गृहम्home/house
गृहम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगृह
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आवसतःof one dwelling (living)
आवसतः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ-वास्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
अस्यof this (person)
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्यत्anything else/another (means)
अन्यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootअन्य
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तीर्थम्holy/pure means (lit. ford, sacred way)
तीर्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतीर्थ
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
प्रतिग्रहात्from/than acceptance of gifts
प्रतिग्रहात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतिग्रह
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
देवgod/divine
देव:
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Stem (compound member), —
ऋषिseer
ऋषि:
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि
FormMasculine, Stem (compound member), —
पितृfather/ancestor
पितृ:
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Stem (compound member), —
गुरुteacher
गुरु:
TypeNoun
Rootगुरु
FormMasculine, Stem (compound member), —
अर्थम्for the sake (of)
अर्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वृद्धold/elderly
वृद्ध:
TypeAdjective
Rootवृद्ध
FormMasculine, Stem (compound member), —
आतुरsick/afflicted
आतुर:
TypeAdjective
Rootआतुर
FormMasculine, Stem (compound member), —
अबुभुक्षताम्of those who are hungry (desiring to eat)
अबुभुक्षताम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-बुभुक्षत्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
D
devas
ṛṣis
P
pitṛs
G
guru
T
the aged (vṛddha)
T
the sick (ātura)
T
the hungry (abubhukṣa)

Educational Q&A

A householder Brahmin may accept gifts (pratigraha) as a legitimate and ‘pure’ means of support, but the ethical purpose is service: sustaining worship and obligations to gods, sages, ancestors, and teachers, and providing food and care to the elderly, sick, and hungry.

In the Shanti Parva’s dharma instruction, Vyāsa states a rule of conduct about livelihood: for a Brahmin living as a householder, accepting donations is presented as the sanctioned route for maintaining resources, specifically oriented toward religious duties and compassionate support of vulnerable people.