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Shloka 33

मनु-उपदेशः — भूत-उत्पत्ति, इन्द्रिय-निवृत्ति, तथा पर-स्वभाव-विवेकः

Manu’s Instruction on Elemental Origination, Sense-Withdrawal, and Discrimination of the Supreme Nature

अथ यन्मोहसंयुक्तमव्यक्तविषयं भवेत्‌ | अप्रतर्क्यमविज्ञेयं तमस्तदुपधारयेत्‌,जब मनमें कोई मोहयुक्त भाव पैदा हो और किसी भी इन्द्रियका विषय स्पष्ट जान न पड़े, उसके विषयमें कोई तर्क भी काम न करे और वह किसी तरह समझमें न आवे, तब यही निश्चय करना चाहिये कि तमोगुणकी वृद्धि हुई है

atha yan moha-saṁyuktam avyaktaviṣayaṁ bhavet | apratarkyam avijñeyaṁ tamas tad upadhārayet ||

Bhīṣma sprach: Wenn ein Geisteszustand aufkommt, der in Verblendung verstrickt ist – das Objekt bleibt unbestimmt, das Denken erreicht es nicht, und es lässt sich nicht klar erkennen –, so soll man dies als das Übergewicht von tamas (der Qualität von Dunkelheit und Trägheit) begreifen.

अथthen/now
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
यत्that which
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formneuter, nominative, singular
मोह-संयुक्तम्associated with delusion
मोह-संयुक्तम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमोहसंयुक्त
Formneuter, nominative, singular
अव्यक्त-विषयम्having an unmanifest/unclear object
अव्यक्त-विषयम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअव्यक्तविषय
Formneuter, nominative, singular
भवेत्may be/should be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formoptative (vidhiling), 3rd, singular
अप्रतर्क्यम्not amenable to reasoning
अप्रतर्क्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्रतर्क्य
Formneuter, nominative, singular
अविज्ञेयम्not knowable
अविज्ञेयम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअविज्ञेय
Formneuter, nominative, singular
तमःdarkness; tamas (inertia)
तमः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतमस्
Formneuter, nominative, singular
तत्that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
उपधारयेत्one should conclude/consider
उपधारयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-धृ
Formoptative (vidhiling), 3rd, singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

A mind-state marked by delusion, unclear objects of awareness, and the failure of reasoning and understanding should be identified as tamas increasing; ethical practice begins with correctly diagnosing such inner darkness rather than acting from it.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma and inner discipline, Bhishma teaches Yudhishthira how to recognize the guṇas in one’s own mind; here he gives diagnostic signs of tamas—confusion, obscurity, and cognitive paralysis.