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Shloka 42

बक-गौतमाख्यानम् / The Baka–Gautama Account

On Gratitude and Friendship Ethics

मुहुर्मुहुश्च भूतानि प्राव्यथन्त भयात्‌ तथा । ततः स तुमुलं दृष्टवा तं च भूतमुपस्थितम्‌

muhurmuhuś ca bhūtāni prāvyathanta bhayāt tathā | tataḥ sa tumulaṃ dṛṣṭvā taṃ ca bhūtam upasthitam |

Immer wieder wurden die Wesen von Furcht erschüttert. Dann, als er jenes schreckliche Toben sah und das Wesen vor sich stehen, erkannte er den Ernst dessen, was erschienen war.

मुहुःagain and again
मुहुः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमुहुस्
FormAvyaya (adverb)
मुहुःrepeatedly
मुहुः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमुहुस्
FormAvyaya (adverb)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormAvyaya (conjunction)
भूतानिbeings/creatures
भूतानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, nominative, plural
प्राव्यथन्तwere distressed/terrified
प्राव्यथन्त:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यथ्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd person, plural; parasmaipada; with preverb प्र-
भयात्from fear
भयात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootभय
FormNeuter, ablative, singular
तथाthus/so
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
FormAvyaya (adverb)
ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
FormAvyaya (adverb)
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
तुमुलम्tumultuous/terrible (uproar)
तुमुलम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootतुमुल
FormNeuter, accusative, singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा), indeclinable; 'having seen'
तम्that (one)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, accusative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormAvyaya (conjunction)
भूतम्being/creature (spirit)
भूतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, accusative, singular
उपस्थितम्present/come near
उपस्थितम्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-स्था
FormPast passive participle (क्त), neuter accusative singular; 'having come/standing near, present'

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
bhūtāni
B
bhūta (a being/spirit)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how fear can spread and unsettle all beings when an ominous or extraordinary event manifests; it sets up a reflective context in which steadiness and discernment become necessary for right action (dharma) amid disturbance.

Bhīṣma describes a scene where repeated waves of fear shake the surrounding beings; a violent tumult is perceived, and a particular 'bhūta' (a being/spirit/creature) is seen as having appeared and standing nearby, intensifying the moment.