Shloka 3
Adhyāya 166: Kṛtaghna-doṣa (कृतघ्नदोषः) — the fault of ingratitude and the limits of expiation
अन्यत्र दक्षिणादानं देयं भरतसत्तम । अन्येभ्योडपि बहिरवेदि चाकृतान्नं विधीयते,भरतगश्रेष्ठ) इससे भिन्न परिस्थितिमें ब्राह्मगको केवल दक्षिणा देनी चाहिये और ब्राह्मणेतर मनुष्योंको भी यज्ञवेदीसे बाहर कच्चा अन्न देनेका विधान है
anyatra dakṣiṇādānaṃ deyaṃ bharatasattama | anyebhyo 'pi bahirvedi cākṛtānnaṃ vidhīyate ||
Bhīṣma sprach: „O Bester der Bhāratas, unter anderen als den vorgeschriebenen Umständen soll man einem Brahmanen nur die dakṣiṇā (Opfergabe/Opferlohn) geben. Auch für die übrigen ist verordnet, ungekochte Speise außerhalb des Altarbereichs zu reichen.“
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhīṣma distinguishes appropriate forms of giving by context and recipient: in certain situations a Brahmin is to receive only dakṣiṇā (the ritual honorarium), while for other people the rule is to give uncooked food outside the altar area—emphasizing orderly, context-sensitive charity aligned with ritual propriety.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhīṣma continues advising Yudhiṣṭhira on norms of dāna connected with sacrifice, specifying where and how gifts should be distributed—especially the distinction between dakṣiṇā to Brahmins and food-gifts to others outside the vedi.