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Shloka 49

Śaraṇāgatapālana—Prastāvanā

Protection of the Refuge-Seeker: Opening of the Kapota Narrative

अभ्युत्थानाभिवादाभ्यां सम्प्रदानेन केनचित्‌ । प्रतिपुष्पफलाघाती तीक्ष्णतुण्ड इव द्विज:

abhyutthānābhivādābhyāṃ sampradānena kenacit | pratipuṣpaphalāghātī tīkṣṇatuṇḍa iva dvijaḥ ||

Bhishma sagte: „Indem man aufsteht, um ihn zu begrüßen, ehrerbietige Grüße darbringt und ein Geschenk überreicht, soll man den Feind zunächst unter seinen Einfluss bringen. Dann aber soll man, wie ein scharfschnäbliger Vogel, der jede Blüte und jede Frucht eines Baumes anpickt, seine Mittel und seine Ziele angreifen—systematisch sowohl seine Ressourcen als auch seine Vorhaben schädigen.“

अभ्युत्थानby rising up (to receive)
अभ्युत्थान:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअभ्युत्थान (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अभिवादby salutation/greeting
अभिवाद:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअभिवाद (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
आभ्याम्by both (of these two)
आभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइदम्/तद्-प्रत्यय (द्विवचन-प्रत्यय)
FormInstrumental/Dative dual ending used with the two preceding nouns
सम्प्रदानेनby giving/presenting (a gift)
सम्प्रदानेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसम्प्रदान (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
केनचित्by something (some gift) / by some means
केनचित्:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular, with enclitic -चित् = 'some/any'
प्रतिपुष्पफलाघातीstriking at each flower and fruit
प्रतिपुष्पफलाघाती:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रतिपुष्पफलाघातिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तीक्ष्णतुण्डःone having a sharp beak
तीक्ष्णतुण्डः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतीक्ष्णतुण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike/as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
Formcomparative particle
द्विजःa bird (lit. twice-born)
द्विजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
E
enemy (śatru, implied)
B
bird (dvija)
T
tree (implied by flowers and fruits)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma teaches a rāja-nīti tactic: first disarm an adversary through courtesy, respect, and gifts to gain leverage; then weaken him by targeting both his ‘means’ (resources, supports) and ‘ends’ (goals, outcomes) in a thorough, step-by-step manner.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on governance and policy, Bhishma is advising the listener on how a ruler should deal with hostile parties—beginning with diplomatic gestures and then proceeding, when necessary, to calculated measures that undermine the opponent’s capacity and objectives.