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Shloka 41

Kośa, Bala, and Maryādā: Treasury, Capacity, and Enforceable Limits (कोश-बल-मर्यादा)

द्रुमा: केचन सामन्ता ध्रुवं छिन्दन्ति तानपि । ते चापि निपतन्तो<न्यान्‌ निधघ्नन्त्येव वनस्पतीन्‌

drumāḥ kecit sāmantā dhruvaṃ chindanti tān api | te cāpi nipatanto 'nyān nidhaghnanty eva vanaspatīn |

„Einige Bäume, die in der Nähe stehen, werden gewiss ebenfalls gefällt. Und auch diese Bäume schlagen beim Sturz unvermeidlich andere Pflanzen nieder. Mit diesem Gleichnis mache ich das Prinzip des Dharma deutlich: Wenn Brahmanen einen Baum für den Opferpfahl fällen, bleibt die Tat nicht auf einen einzigen Stamm beschränkt — der Begleitschaden breitet sich nach außen aus und trifft auch das, was nicht das ursprüngliche Ziel war.“

द्रुमाःtrees
द्रुमाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रुम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
केचनsome
केचन:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootक-चिद् (केचन)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सामन्ताःadjacent, neighboring
सामन्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसामन्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ध्रुवम्certainly
ध्रुवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootध्रुव
छिन्दन्तिthey cut
छिन्दन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootछिद्
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
तान्those (them)
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
तेthey (those)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
निपतन्तःfalling down
निपतन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनि-पत्
FormPresent active participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
अन्यान्other (ones)
अन्यान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
निधघ्नन्तिthey strike down, break
निधघ्नन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-हन्
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
वनस्पतीन्trees, plants
वनस्पतीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवनस्पति
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
T
trees (druma)
F
forest vegetation (vanaspati)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma highlights that actions—especially those undertaken for a stated purpose—often produce unavoidable secondary harm. Dharma requires awareness of such cascading consequences and careful judgment, not a narrow focus on the initial intention alone.

Bhīṣma uses a concrete example from ritual practice: when a tree is cut for a sacrificial post, nearby trees are also cut, and falling trunks damage other plants. The image illustrates how one act can propagate destruction beyond its immediate target.