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Shloka 7

Śānti Parva 116: Criteria for Royal Servants and Administrative Competence (भृत्य-गुण-प्रश्नः / राजसेवक-लक्षणम्)

तस्य भृत्या विगुणतां यान्ति सर्वे कुलोद्वता: । न च भृत्यफलैरर्थ: स राजा सम्प्रयुज्यते,जो असदू वस्तुओंके संग्रहमें अनुरक्त है, स्नेह और रागके वशीभूत हो गया है और इन्द्रियोंपर वश न चलनेके कारण सज्जन बननेकी चेष्टा नहीं करता, उस राजाके उत्तम कुलमें उत्पन्न हुए समस्त सेवक भी विपरीत गुणवाले हो जाते हैं। ऐसी दशामें सेवकोंके रखनेका जो फल धनकी वृद्धि आदि है, उससे वह राजा सर्वथा वंचित रह जाता है

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca |

tasya bhṛtyā viguṇatāṁ yānti sarve kulodbhavāḥ |

na ca bhṛtyaphalair arthaḥ sa rājā samprayujyate ||

Yudhiṣṭhira sprach: „Alle Diener jenes Königs, obgleich aus edlen Geschlechtern geboren, verfallen in schlechte Eigenschaften. Und jener König gewinnt keinen Nutzen aus den Früchten, Diener zu haben—wie Mehrung des Reichtums und geordnete Verwaltung.“

तस्यof him/that (king)
तस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
भृत्याःservants
भृत्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभृत्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विगुणताम्badness/defectiveness (of qualities)
विगुणताम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविगुणता
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
यान्तिgo/come to, become
यान्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootया (गत्यर्थे)
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कुलोद्वताःof noble lineage / sprung from a good family
कुलोद्वताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकुलोद्वत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भृत्यफलैःby/through the fruits (benefits) of servants
भृत्यफलैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभृत्यफल
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
अर्थःpurpose/benefit
अर्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe/that
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सम्प्रयुज्यतेis joined with/obtains/derives (benefit)
सम्प्रयुज्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-प्र-युज् (युज्)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive/Reflexive (middle usage)

युधिषछ्िर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
K
king (rājā)
S
servants/retainers (bhṛtyāḥ)
N
noble lineage/family (kula)

Educational Q&A

A ruler’s personal lack of virtue and self-discipline spreads downward: even well-born attendants become morally degraded, and the king loses the practical benefits of a loyal, capable retinue—prosperity, order, and effective governance.

In the Śānti Parva’s discussion of rājadharma, Yudhiṣṭhira reflects on how a king’s character shapes his household and administration, stating that when the king is flawed, his servants also become flawed and the king fails to gain the expected advantages from employing them.