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Shloka 19

Gaṇānāṃ Vṛttiḥ — On the Sustenance and Cohesion of Assemblies

Gaṇa-nīti

चारमन्त्रविधानेषु कोशसंनिचयेषु च । नित्ययुक्ता महाबाहो वर्धन्ते सर्वती गणा:

cāramantravidhāneṣu kośasaṃnicayeṣu ca | nityayuktā mahābāho vardhante sarvatī gaṇāḥ ||

Bhishma sprach: O Yudhishthira, du Mächtigarmiger, wenn die Glieder einer Republik beständig mit Nachrichtendienst und Diplomatie befasst sind, mit vertraulichen Beratungen zum Wohl des Staates, mit der Abfassung von Verordnungen und mit dem Aufbau des Schatzes, dann gedeihen sie nach allen Seiten. Die ethische Lehre lautet: gemeinsame Wachsamkeit, disziplinierter Rat und solide öffentliche Finanzen sind die Grundlagen eines blühenden Gemeinwesens.

चारमन्त्रविधानेषुin the arrangements of spies, counsel, and legislation
चारमन्त्रविधानेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootचार-मन्त्र-विधान
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
कोशसंनिचयेषुin the accumulation of the treasury
कोशसंनिचयेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकोश-संनिचय
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
नित्ययुक्ताःalways engaged/ever intent
नित्ययुक्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनित्ययुक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
महाबाहोO mighty-armed one
महाबाहो:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाबाहु
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
वर्धन्तेthey prosper/increase
वर्धन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृध्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
सर्वतःfrom all sides / in every way
सर्वतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वतः
गणाःthe groups/assemblies (republican bodies)
गणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
Y
Yudhishthira
G
gaṇa (republic/assembly)
K
kośa (treasury)
C
cāra (spies/intelligence agents)

Educational Q&A

A polity—especially a gaṇa or republic—prospers when its members are consistently disciplined in (1) intelligence and diplomacy, (2) confidential policy deliberation aimed at public welfare, (3) sound lawmaking/administration, and (4) careful accumulation and protection of the treasury.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rajadharma, Bhishma advises Yudhishthira about the practical causes of a state’s stability and growth, highlighting how organized collective effort in counsel, legislation, intelligence, and finance leads to all-round prosperity for a republican assembly.