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Shloka 17

मृदु-तीक्ष्ण-नीति तथा दुष्टलक्षण-विज्ञानम्

Measured Policy and the Recognition of Malicious Disposition

भेदेनोपप्रदानेन संसृजेदौषधैस्तथा | न त्वेवं खलु संसर्ग रोचयेदरिभि: सह,राजाको चाहिये कि वह दूर रहकर गुप्तचरोंद्वारा शत्रुकी सेनामें मतभेद पैदा करे। घूस देकर लोगोंको अपने पक्षमें करनेकी चेष्टा करे अथवा उनके ऊपर विभिन्न औषधोंका प्रयोग करे; परंतु किसी तरह भी शत्रुओंके साथ प्रकटरूपसे साक्षात्‌ सम्बन्ध स्थापित करनेकी इच्छा न करे

bhedenopapradānena saṁsṛjed auṣadhaistathā | na tv evaṁ khalu saṁsargaṁ rocayed aribhiḥ saha ||

Bhishma sprach: „Ein König soll, auf Abstand bleibend, Zwietracht in den Reihen des Feindes stiften—durch Spaltung, durch verdeckte Gaben und Anreize und sogar durch den strategischen Einsatz von Arzneien oder Stoffen. Doch soll er keine offene, von Angesicht zu Angesicht gepflegte Verbindung mit seinen Feinden begehren; denn eine solche offenkundige Vertrautheit mit Gegnern wird in der Staatskunst nicht gebilligt.“

भेदेनby dissension / by creating division
भेदेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभेद
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
उपप्रदानेनby giving bribes / by offering inducements
उपप्रदानेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootउपप्रदान
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
संसृजेत्should bring about / should effect (association/connection)
संसृजेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + सृज्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
औषधैःwith medicines / drugs
औषधैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootऔषध
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Plural
तथाlikewise / also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तुbut
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
एवंthus / in this way
एवं:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवं
खलुindeed / surely
खलु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootखलु
संसर्गम्association / contact
संसर्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंसर्ग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रोचयेत्should desire / should approve / should find pleasing
रोचयेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootरुच् (causative: रोचय्)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
अरिभिःwith enemies
अरिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअरि
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
king (rājā)
E
enemies (ari)
E
enemy army (implied)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma teaches that a ruler may use indirect means—creating internal divisions, inducements, and other covert measures—to weaken an enemy, but should avoid overt, public intimacy or direct association with foes, since it risks security and undermines prudent kingship.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rājadharma, Bhishma advises Yudhishthira on practical governance and wartime policy: how to destabilize hostile forces through covert tactics while maintaining strategic distance and avoiding openly visible ties with enemies.