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Shloka 15

जनकस्य युद्धोपदेशः — Janaka’s Instruction on Steadfast Battle-Conduct

चराणामचरा ह्वान्नमदंष्टा दंष्टिणामपि । आप: पिपासतामन्नमन्नं शूरस्य कातरा:

carāṇām acarā hy annam adaṁṣṭrā daṁṣṭinām api | āpaḥ pipāsatām annam annaṁ śūrasya kātarāḥ ||

Bhīṣma sprach: „In der Ordnung der Welt lebt das Bewegliche vom Unbeweglichen; der Zahnlose wird zur Speise des Bezahnten. Für den Durstigen ist Wasser selbst ‘Nahrung’; und für den wahrhaft Tapferen ist der Feigling wie Nahrung—einer, der verzehrt und überwunden wird. So formen Stärke, Bedürfnis und Furcht die natürliche Hierarchie; der Weise soll dieses Muster erkennen, wenn er über Verhalten und Macht nachsinnt.“

चराणाम्of the moving (creatures)
चराणाम्:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootचर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अचराःthe immobile (beings)
अचराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअचर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
हिindeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
अन्नम्food
अन्नम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अदंष्टाःtoothless (ones)
अदंष्टाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअदंष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
दंष्टिणाम्of the toothed (ones)
दंष्टिणाम्:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootदंष्टिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
आपःwaters; water
आपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअप् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
पिपासताम्of the thirsty (ones)
पिपासताम्:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootपिपास (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अन्नम्food
अन्नम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अन्नम्food
अन्नम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
शूरस्यof a hero/brave man
शूरस्य:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootशूर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
कातराःcowards; the timid
कातराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकातर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

The verse states a general law of the world: beings sustain themselves by consuming what is weaker or more vulnerable, and even human courage and fear create a hierarchy. Ethically, it urges clear-eyed understanding of power and dependence when judging conduct and governance.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and the realities of rule and society. Here he uses vivid natural metaphors—moving vs. unmoving, toothed vs. toothless, thirsty vs. water, brave vs. coward—to illustrate how dominance and need operate in the world.