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Shloka 273

एवं व्युत्क्रान्तधर्मेण व्युत्क्रम्य समयं हत: । “जैसे कोई सोये अथवा पागल हुए मनुष्यको मार दे या धोखेसे जहर देकर किसीकी हत्या कर डाले

evaṁ vyutkrāntadharmeṇa vyutkramya samayaṁ hataḥ |

Sañjaya sprach: „So bin ich von einem, der vom Dharma abgefallen ist—der die vereinbarte Regel des Kampfes überschritten hat—niedergestreckt worden.“ Die Zeile deutet das Töten nicht nur als Niederlage im Krieg, sondern als ethischen Bruch: Der Sprecher erklärt den Schlag zum Verstoß gegen das „samaya“, den anerkannten Kodex des Keulenduells, und brandmarkt ihn als adharma statt als rechtmäßigen Sieg.

एवम्thus, in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
व्युत्क्रान्तधर्मेणby one who has transgressed dharma / by transgressed-dharma conduct
व्युत्क्रान्तधर्मेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootव्युत्क्रान्तधर्म
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
व्युत्क्रम्यhaving transgressed, having violated
व्युत्क्रम्य:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-उत्-क्रम्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
समयम्the agreement, convention, rule
समयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसमय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हतःslain, killed
हतः:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights that in dharma-based warfare, legitimacy depends not only on winning but on honoring agreed rules (samaya). A victory gained by violating the code is portrayed as ethically tainted, and the language ‘vyutkrāntadharma’ marks such conduct as a departure from righteous order.

Sañjaya reports a killing/defeat described as occurring through a breach of the established terms of combat. The speaker characterizes the blow as one delivered after transgressing the duel’s convention, emphasizing moral controversy rather than mere martial outcome.