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Shloka 62

गदायुद्धप्रतिज्ञा — The Vow and Terms of the Mace Duel

न त्वमद्य महीं दातुमीश: कौरवनन्दन । आच्छेत्तुं वा बलादू राजन्‌ स कथं दातुमिच्छसि,जो शत्रुओंसे आक्रान्त हो, ऐसा कौन राजा किसीको भूमि देनेकी इच्छा करेगा? कौरवनन्दन नरेश! अब न तो तुम किसीको पृथ्वी दे सकते हो और न बलपूर्वक उसे छीन ही सकते हो। ऐसी दशामें तुम्हें भूमि देनेकी इच्छा कैसे हो गयी?

na tvam adya mahīṁ dātum īśaḥ kauravanandana | ācchattuṁ vā balād rājann sa kathaṁ dātum icchasi | yo śatrubhir ākrāntaḥ sa ko rājā kasyacid bhūmiṁ dātum icchet | kauravanandana nareśa adya na tvaṁ kasyacid pṛthivīṁ dātuṁ śaknoṣi na ca balena hartuṁ śaknoṣi | evaṁ sthite kathaṁ te bhūmidāne icchā jāyate ||

Yudhiṣṭhira sprach: „O Sohn der Kuru-Linie, heute hast du weder die Macht, Land zu verleihen, noch es mit Gewalt zu nehmen. Ein König, der selbst von Feinden bedrängt wird—welcher Herrscher würde in solcher Lage auch nur daran denken, Gebiet einem anderen zu geben? O Kaurava-Prinz, da du weder die Erde schenken noch sie entreißen kannst: Wie ist dieser Wunsch, Land zu geben, jetzt in dir entstanden?“

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
अद्यtoday/now
अद्य:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य
महीम्earth/land
महीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमही
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
दातुम्to give
दातुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (दाने)
FormInfinitive (Tumun)
ईशःable/powerful (capable)
ईशः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootईश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कौरव-नन्दनO joy of the Kauravas
कौरव-नन्दन:
TypeNoun
Rootकौरवनन्दन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
आच्छेत्तुम्to seize/cut off (take away)
आच्छेत्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-छिद् (छेदने)
FormInfinitive (Tumun)
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
बलात्by force
बलात्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सःhe/that (such a one)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कथम्how
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
दातुम्to give
दातुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (दाने)
FormInfinitive (Tumun)
इच्छसिyou desire/wish
इच्छसि:
TypeVerb
Rootइष् (इच्छायाम्)
FormPresent (Lat), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
K
Kauravanandana (a Kaurava prince)
Ś
śatravaḥ (enemies)

Educational Q&A

A ruler’s promises and gifts must be grounded in actual sovereignty and responsibility. When a king is under enemy pressure and lacks control over territory, offering land becomes ethically and practically hollow; true royal duty requires realism, accountability, and protection of the realm before making grants.

Yudhiṣṭhira challenges a Kaurava prince’s stated intention to give land. He argues that, in the present wartime crisis—when the speaker is beset by enemies and lacks the power either to grant territory or to seize it—such an offer is incoherent, and he questions the sudden emergence of this desire.