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Shloka 42

अध्याय ९ — दुर्योधनस्य अन्त्यावस्था, विलापः, तथा सौप्तिक-प्रतिवृत्तम्

Duryodhana’s Final Condition, Lamentation, and the Night’s Report

'कुरुश्रेष्ठ! न जाने वह कौन-सा कर्म है, जिससे विवश होकर हम आपके साथ नहीं चल रहे हैं। निश्चय ही इस पृथ्वीपर हमें निरन्तर दुःख भोगना पड़ेगा ।। हीनानां नस्त्वया राजन्‌ कुतः शान्ति: कुतः सुखम्‌ । गत्वैव तु महाराज समेत्य च महारथान्‌

kuruśreṣṭha! na jāne vā kaunasa karma hai, jisase vivaśa hokara vayaṃ āpake sātha nahīṃ cala rahe haiṃ | niścaya hī asya pṛthivyāṃ asmābhiḥ nirantaraṃ duḥkhaṃ bhoktavyaṃ bhaviṣyati || hīnānāṃ nas tvayā rājan kutaḥ śāntiḥ kutaḥ sukham | gatvaiva tu mahārāja sametya ca mahārathān ||

Sañjaya sprach: „O Bester der Kurus! Ich vermag nicht zu erkennen, welche Tat oder welches Geschick uns gezwungen hat, dass wir nicht mit dir gehen können. Gewiss, auf dieser Erde zurückbleibend, werden wir unablässigen Schmerz erdulden müssen. Für uns, die wir deiner beraubt sind, o König — wo gäbe es Frieden, wo Glück? Und doch, o großer König, nachdem du gegangen bist und dann wieder mit den großen Wagenkriegern zusammengetroffen bist…“

हीनानाम्of the low/helpless
हीनानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootहीन
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
नःof us/our
नः:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Plural
त्वयाby you/with you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormInstrumental, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
कुतःwhence/how (can there be)
कुतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकुतः
Formtrue
शान्तिःpeace
शान्तिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशान्ति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
कुतःwhence/how (can there be)
कुतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकुतः
Formtrue
सुखम्happiness
सुखम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुख
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
गत्वाhaving gone
गत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
Formtrue
तुbut/and
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
Formtrue
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
समेत्यhaving met/approached
समेत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-इ
FormAbsolutive (ल्यप्), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formtrue
महारथान्great chariot-warriors
महारथान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Kuru king (addressed as kuruśreṣṭha, rājan, mahārāja)
P
Pṛthivī (the earth)
M
Mahārathas (great chariot-warriors)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the Mahābhārata’s ethical vision of karma and consequence: separation from rightful guidance and protection (the king) is experienced as a moral and existential loss, producing continuous duḥkha. It also underscores human helplessness (vivaśatā) before the momentum of past actions and destiny.

Sañjaya laments to the Kuru king that some compelling force prevents them from accompanying him. He foresees unending sorrow for those left behind and asks how peace or happiness is possible without the king. The final phrase gestures toward the broader war context—going forth and encountering the great warriors—linking personal grief to the aftermath of battle.