Shloka 33
Sauptika Parva, Adhyaya 8 — Dhṛṣṭadyumna-vadha and the Camp’s Nocturnal Rout
Devanagari script
ततस्ते योधमुख्याश्च॒ सहसा पर्यवारयन्
Transliteration
tataste yodhamukhyāś ca sahasā paryavārayan
Translation
Da umringten ihn jene vornehmsten Krieger, plötzlich und wie aus einem Guss handelnd, mit rascher Entschlossenheit.
Word by Word
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (indeclinable)
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, nominative, plural
योधमुख्याःthe foremost warriors
योधमुख्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयोधमुख्य
FormMasculine, nominative, plural
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
FormAvyaya (indeclinable)
सहसाsuddenly, swiftly
सहसा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसहसा
FormAvyaya (indeclinable)
पर्यवारयन्surrounded, hemmed in
पर्यवारयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि + अव + √वृ (वृञ् वरणे/वारणे)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), parasmaipada, 3rd person, plural
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
य
योधमुख्याः (foremost warriors)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights how, in the momentum of war—especially in the Sauptika context—collective martial impulse can rapidly escalate into overwhelming force, raising ethical tension between strategic success and the erosion of restraint (dharma) in combat.
Sañjaya reports that the leading warriors suddenly move together and surround the targeted figure, tightening the situation into an inescapable encirclement as the night-time conflict intensifies.