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Shloka 34

Adhyāya 6: Śibira-dvāra-sthita Bhūta-varṇana and Aśvatthāmā’s Śaraṇāgati to Mahādeva

कपालमालिन रुद्रं भगनेत्रहरं हरम्‌ । स हि देवो>त्यगाद्‌ देवांस्तपसा विक्रमेण च । तस्माच्छरणमभ्येमि गिरिशं शूलपघाणिनम्‌,“भगवान्‌ शंकर तपस्या और पराक्रममें सब देवताओंसे बढ़कर हैं; अतः मैं उन्हीं रोग- शोकसे रहित, जटाजूटधारी, देवताओंके भी देवता, भगवती उमाके प्राणवल्लभ, कपाल- मालाधारी, भगनेत्र-विनाशक, पापहारी, त्रिशूलधारी एवं पर्वतपर शयन करनेवाले रुद्रदेवकी शरणमें जाता हूँ

kapālamālinam rudraṁ bhaganetra-haraṁ haram | sa hi devo 'tyagād devāṁs tapasā vikrameṇa ca | tasmāc charaṇam abhyemi giriśaṁ śūla-pāṇinam ||

Sañjaya sprach: „Ich suche Zuflucht bei Rudra — Hara —, der einen Schädelkranz trägt und Bhagas Auge zerstörte. Denn dieser Gott überragt die anderen Götter durch Askese und heldische Kraft. Darum gehe ich, um Schutz zu finden, zu Giriśa, dem Träger des Dreizacks.“

कपालमालिनम्wearing a garland of skulls
कपालमालिनम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकपालमालिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रुद्रम्Rudra
रुद्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरुद्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भगनेत्रहरम्destroyer of Bhaga's eye
भगनेत्रहरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootभगनेत्रहर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हरम्Hara (Śiva)
हरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
देवःthe god
देवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अत्यगात्surpassed/went beyond
अत्यगात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअति-गम्
FormAorist, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
देवान्the gods
देवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तपसाby austerity
तपसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
विक्रमेणby prowess/valor
विक्रमेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविक्रम
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
शरणम्refuge
शरणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशरण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अभ्येमिI go to/seek
अभ्येमि:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-इ
FormPresent, 1, Singular, Parasmaipada
गिरिशम्Lord of the mountain (Śiva)
गिरिशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगिरिश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
शूलपाणिनम्the trident-handed one
शूलपाणिनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशूलपाणि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
R
Rudra
H
Hara (Śiva)
G
Giriśa (Śiva)
B
Bhaga
D
Devas
Ś
Śūla (trident)

Educational Q&A

The verse presents śaraṇāgati (seeking refuge) in Śiva as the highest protector, grounding his supremacy in two ideals: tapas (disciplined austerity) and vikrama (courageous power). Ethically, it implies that true authority is not mere status among gods but earned through self-mastery and righteous strength.

In the tense aftermath of the war (Sauptika Parva), Sañjaya utters an invocation to Śiva, naming him through powerful epithets (skull-garlanded, destroyer of Bhaga’s eye, trident-bearer) and explicitly declaring his refuge in him, framing the coming events under Śiva’s overwhelming ascetic and martial potency.