Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 5

अध्याय ६४ — सभामध्ये क्रोध-निवारणम्

Restraint of wrath in the royal assembly

अमित्रतां याति नरो$क्षमं ब्रुवन्‌ निगूहते गुह्ममित्रसंस्तवे । तदाश्रितो5पत्रप कि नु बाधसे यदिच्छसि त्वं तदिहाभिभाषसे,अक्षम्य कटुवचन बोलनेवाला मनुष्य शत्रु बन जाता है। शत्रुकी प्रशंसा करते समय भी लोग अपने गूढ़ मनोभावको छिपाये रखते हैं। निर्लज्ज विदुर! तुम भी उसी नीतिका आश्रय लेकर चुप क्‍यों नहीं रहते? हमारे काममें बाधा क्‍यों डालते हो? तुम जो मनमें आता है, वही बक जाते हो

amitrātāṁ yāti naro 'kṣamaṁ bruvan nigūhate guhyaṁ mitra-saṁstave | tad-āśrito 'patrapa kiṁ nu bādhase yad icchasi tvaṁ tad ihābhibhāṣase ||

Duryodhana sagte: „Wer unverzeihliche, harte Worte spricht, wird zum Feind. Selbst wenn man einen Feind lobt, verbirgt man seine geheimen Absichten. Schamloser Vidura—warum schweigst du nicht und hältst dich an eben diese Politik? Warum behinderst du unser Vorhaben? Was immer dir in den Sinn kommt, das plapperst du hier heraus.“

अमित्रताम्enmity, state of being an enemy
अमित्रताम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअमित्रता
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
यातिgoes, comes to (becomes)
याति:
TypeVerb
Rootया
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
नरःa man
नरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अक्षमम्unbearable, unpardonable (speech)
अक्षमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअक्षम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ब्रुवन्speaking, saying
ब्रुवन्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
निगूहतेhides, conceals
निगूहते:
TypeVerb
Rootगूह् (नि+गूह्)
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
गुह्यम्a secret, hidden matter
गुह्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुह्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मित्रसंस्तवेin the praising of a friend (friendly eulogy)
मित्रसंस्तवे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमित्रसंस्तव
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तत्that (policy/way)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आश्रितःhaving resorted to, relying on
आश्रितः:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-श्रि
Formक्त (past passive participle, used adjectivally), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
अपत्रपshameless one (O shameless)
अपत्रप:
TypeNoun
Rootअपत्रप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
किम्what
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नुindeed, then (interrogative particle)
नु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु
बाधसेyou obstruct, you trouble
बाधसे:
TypeVerb
Rootबाध्
FormPresent, Indicative, Second, Singular, Atmanepada
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
इच्छसिyou wish, you desire
इच्छसि:
TypeVerb
Rootइष् (इच्छ्)
FormPresent, Indicative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
इहhere
इह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
अभिभाषसेyou speak out, you address
अभिभाषसे:
TypeVerb
Rootभाष् (अभि+भाष्)
FormPresent, Indicative, Second, Singular, Atmanepada

दुर्योधन उवाच

D
Duryodhana
V
Vidura

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical danger of uncontrolled speech: harsh, unforgivable words create enmity and destroy trust. It also points to political hypocrisy—people often hide their true intentions even while offering praise—contrasted with Vidura’s frank moral counsel, which Duryodhana resents.

In the royal assembly context of the dice-game episode, Vidura speaks openly against the Kauravas’ course. Duryodhana, angered by Vidura’s interference and blunt criticism, attacks him verbally, accusing him of shamelessly obstructing their plans and speaking whatever he pleases.