Shloka 45

Rājasūyābhiṣeka-darśana: Duryodhana’s Observation of the Consecration

Devanagari script

दुर्योधन उवाच निवर्तयिष्यति त्वासौ यदि क्षत्ता समेष्यति । निवत्ते त्वयि राजेन्द्र मरिष्पेडहमसंशयम्‌

Transliteration

duryodhana uvāca nivartayiṣyati tvāsaḥ yadi kṣattā sameṣyati | nivṛtte tvayi rājendra mariṣye 'ham asaṁśayam ||

Translation

Duryodhana sagte: „Wenn der Kṣattā Vidura zu dir kommt, wird er dich gewiss von diesem Vorhaben abbringen. O König, wenn du davon zurückweichst, dann werde ich ohne Zweifel mein Leben hingeben.“

Word by Word

• दुर्योधनः: Duryodhana
• दुर्योधनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्योधन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• निवर्तयिष्यति: will cause (you) to desist / will turn (you) back
• Type: Verb
• Root: निवृत् (निवर्तते) / √वृत् (causative)
• Form: Simple Future (Lृट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, Causative

• त्वाम्: you
• त्वाम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: —, Accusative, Singular

• असौ: that (man), he
• असौ: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: असद् (सः/असौ-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• यदि: if
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदि

• क्षत्ता: the chamberlain (Vidura)
• क्षत्ता: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षत्तृ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• समेष्यति: will come / will meet (you)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-इ (√इ)
• Form: Simple Future (Lृट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• निवृत्ते: when (you are) turned back / having desisted
• निवृत्ते: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नि-√वृत् (निवृत्त)
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• त्वयि: in you / when you
• त्वयि: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: —, Locative, Singular

• राजेन्द्र: O best of kings
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजेन्द्र
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• मरिष्ये: I shall die
• Type: Verb
• Root: मृ (√मृ)
• Form: Simple Future (Lृट्), 1st, Singular, Atmanepada

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: —, Nominative, Singular

• असंशयम्: without doubt, certainly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: असंशय

Speaker

दुर्योधन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Duryodhana
• Vidura (Kṣattā)
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by rājendra)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights an ethical failure in kingship and counsel: instead of accepting wise advice (Vidura’s), Duryodhana tries to control the king’s decision through coercion and emotional blackmail. It warns that rejecting dharmic counsel and yielding to pressure leads to destructive outcomes.

What is happening in the narrative?

Duryodhana anticipates that Vidura will try to stop Dhṛtarāṣṭra from proceeding with Duryodhana’s intended plan. To prevent the king from backing down, Duryodhana threatens that if the king withdraws, he will certainly die—thereby forcing the king toward compliance.