Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 10

Adhyāya 32: Rājasūya-Dīkṣā and Appointment of Court Offices (राजसूयदीक्षा तथा अधिकारविनियोगः)

शूद्राभीरगणाश्रैव ये चाश्रित्य सरस्वतीम्‌ । वर्तयन्ति च ये मत्स्यैयें च पर्वतवासिन:,समुद्रके तटपर रहनेवाले जो महाबली ग्रामणीय (ग्राम शासकके वंशज) क्षत्रिय थे, सरस्वती नदीके किनारे निवास करनेवाले जो शूद्र आभीरगण थे, मछलियोंसे जीविका चलानेवाले जो धीवर जातिके लोग थे तथा जो पर्वतोंपर वास करनेवाले दूसरे-दूसरे मनुष्य थे, उन सबको नकुलने जीतकर अपने वशमें कर लिया

vaiśampāyana uvāca |

śūdrābhīragaṇāś caiva ye cāśritya sarasvatīm |

vartayanti ca ye matsyaiḥ ye ca parvatavāsinaḥ ||

Vaiśampāyana sprach: Die Śūdras und die Ābhīra-Scharen, die am Sarasvatī Zuflucht gefunden hatten, die vom Fischfang lebten, und die übrigen Bergbewohner — Nakula unterwarf sie alle und brachte sie unter seine Herrschaft.

शूद्रŚūdras
शूद्र:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
आभीरĀbhīras (cowherd people)
आभीर:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआभीर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
गणाःgroups, bands
गणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
एवindeed, also
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
येwho (those who)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आश्रित्यhaving resorted to, dwelling by
आश्रित्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-श्रि
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
सरस्वतीम्Sarasvatī (river)
सरस्वतीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसरस्वती
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
वर्तयन्तिthey carry on, they maintain (a livelihood)
वर्तयन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत् (वर्तते) / वर्तयति (causative)
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
येwho (those who)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मत्स्यैःby/with fish
मत्स्यैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमत्स्य
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
येwho (those who)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पर्वतवासिनःmountain-dwellers
पर्वतवासिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपर्वत-वासिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
S
Sarasvatī (river)
Ś
Śūdras
Ā
Ābhīras
M
mountain-dwellers
F
fishers (implied by matsyaiḥ)
N
Nakula (from narrative context)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how royal authority in the epic is established by bringing varied communities—riverine, pastoral, occupational, and mountainous—into a single political order; it reflects the Mahābhārata’s concern with governance and the consolidation of power as a prerequisite for larger state aims.

During the Pandavas’ campaign of subjugation associated with the Rājasūya preparations, Nakula defeats and brings under control groups living along the Sarasvatī, those living by fishing, and mountain-dwelling peoples, as reported by Vaiśampāyana.