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Shloka 3

वज्नेण निहतो वृत्र: संयुगे भूरितेजसा । त्वया तु निहतः कर्णो धनुषा निशितै: शरै:,“वृत्रासुर युद्धमें महातेजस्वी वज्रके द्वारा मारा गया था; परंतु तुमने कर्णको धनुष एवं पैने बाणोंसे ही मार डाला है

vajreṇa nihato vṛtraḥ saṃyuge bhūritejasā | tvayā tu nihataḥ karṇo dhanuṣā niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ ||

Sañjaya sprach: Im Kampf wurde Vṛtra vom Vajra des überaus strahlenden (Indra) erschlagen. Du aber, o Dhanañjaya, hast Karṇa mit dem Bogen getötet, durch scharfe Pfeile. Diese Aussage hebt eine außergewöhnliche Kriegskunst hervor: Ein Feind, der einst nur durch eine göttliche Waffe fiel, wird hier der Niederlage Karṇas gegenübergestellt, die durch menschliches Können und unbeirrbare Anstrengung errungen wurde—und so das moralische Gewicht und die tragische Größe des Krieges noch steigert.

वज्रेणby/with the thunderbolt
वज्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवज्र
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
निहतःslain
निहतः:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootनि-हन्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
वृत्रःVṛtra
वृत्रः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
संयुगेin battle
संयुगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंयुग
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
भूरितेजसाby one of great splendor (mighty)
भूरितेजसा:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootभूरितेजस्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Instrumental, Singular
तुbut/however
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
निहतःslain
निहतः:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootनि-हन्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
कर्णःKarna
कर्णः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धनुषाwith a bow
धनुषा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधनुस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
निशितैःwith sharp
निशितैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootनिशित
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
शरैःarrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
V
Vṛtra
I
Indra (implied by 'bhūritejasā' and 'vajra')
V
Vajra (thunderbolt)
K
Karṇa
B
Bow (dhanus)
A
Arrows (śara)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the magnitude of Karṇa’s fall by comparing it to the mythic slaying of Vṛtra by Indra’s vajra. Ethically, it frames the event as a moment of grave consequence in the war: human agency and skill can achieve what is otherwise attributed to divine weaponry, thereby intensifying responsibility, fame, and the tragic cost of victory.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, contrasting two slayings: Vṛtra was killed in battle by Indra’s thunderbolt, whereas Karṇa has been killed by the addressee (contextually Arjuna) using a bow and sharp arrows. The comparison serves to magnify the deed and the stature of the fallen warrior.