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Shloka 19

को हि द्रोणं च भीष्मं च भगदत्तं च मारिष

sañjaya uvāca | ko hi droṇaṃ ca bhīṣmaṃ ca bhagadattaṃ ca māriṣa, prayāhi śīghraṃ govinda sūtaputra-jighāṃsayā ||

Sañjaya sprach: „O Ehrwürdiger, wer könnte Droṇa und Bhīṣma standhalten, und auch Bhagadatta? Zieh rasch aus, o Govinda, mit dem Entschluss, den ‚Sohn des Wagenlenkers‘ zu töten.“ In der moralischen Atmosphäre des Krieges verbindet die Zeile Dringlichkeit mit strategischer Notwendigkeit: Der Sprecher drängt Kṛṣṇa (Govinda) zu entschlossenem Handeln gegen Karṇa, der als schwere Bedrohung gilt, und ruft zugleich die furchteinflößende Größe früherer Kämpfer auf—eine ethische Spannung zwischen Schutzpflicht und der unerbittlichen Steigerung der Gewalt.

कःwho
कः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक (प्रश्नसर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
द्रोणम्Drona
द्रोणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भीष्मम्Bhishma
भीष्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भगदत्तम्Bhagadatta
भगदत्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभगदत्त (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मारिषO venerable one / sir
मारिष:
TypeNoun
Rootमारिष (प्रातिपदिक; संबोधन)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्रयाहिgo forth / depart
प्रयाहि:
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु) + प्र
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
शीघ्रम्quickly
शीघ्रम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशीघ्र (प्रातिपदिक)
गोविन्दO Govinda (Krishna)
गोविन्द:
TypeNoun
Rootगोविन्द (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सूतपुत्रthe charioteer’s son (Karna)
सूतपुत्र:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसूतपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
जिघांसयाwith the desire to kill
जिघांसया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootजिघांस (प्रातिपदिक; desiderative noun from √हन्)
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
G
Govinda (Kṛṣṇa)
D
Droṇa
B
Bhīṣma
B
Bhagadatta
S
Sūtaputra (Karṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the wartime ethic of decisive action under dharma as understood by the combatants: when a formidable threat is perceived, delay is treated as moral and strategic failure. It also implicitly shows the Mahābhārata’s recurring tension—duty to protect one’s side can drive escalating violence, even as the narrative invites reflection on the cost of such necessity.

Sañjaya reports an urgent exhortation addressed to Govinda (Kṛṣṇa), pressing him to depart quickly with the intent to kill Karṇa (called ‘sūtaputra’). The speaker underscores the gravity of the battlefield by invoking renowned warriors—Droṇa, Bhīṣma, and Bhagadatta—framing Karṇa’s elimination as an immediate strategic priority.