Shloka 133

कर्णस्य सेनापत्याभिषेकः | Karṇa’s Consecration as Commander-in-Chief

Devanagari script

पराक्रमन्तौ मित्रार्थे द्रोणेन युधि पातितौ । युद्धमें उनन्‍्मत्त होकर जूझनेवाले राजा मणिमान्‌ और दण्डधार मित्रोंके लिये पराक्रम दिखाते थे। उन दोनोंको द्रोणाचार्यने युद्धमें मार गिराया है

Transliteration

parākramantau mitrārthe droṇena yudhi pātitau |

Translation

Sañjaya sprach: „Jene beiden, die ihre Tapferkeit um ihrer Freunde willen entfalteten, wurden von Droṇa im Kampf zu Boden gestreckt.“ Im Gefecht fielen König Maṇimān und Daṇḍadhāra, wie vom Kriegsrausch ergriffen, durch Droṇas Hand.

Word by Word

• पराक्रमन्तौ: two (persons) exerting valor / striving
• पराक्रमन्तौ: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: पराक्रम् (धातु) → पराक्रमन्त् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual

• मित्रार्थे: for the sake of a friend
• मित्रार्थे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मित्रार्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• द्रोणेन: by Droṇa
• द्रोणेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रोण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• युधि: in battle
• युधि: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: युध् (स्त्रीलिङ्ग प्रातिपदिक: युध्)
• Form: Feminine, Locative, Singular

• पातितौ: two who were felled/slain
• पातितौ: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: पत् (धातु) → पातित (क्त कृदन्त, causative nuance possible)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Droṇa (Droṇācārya)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights loyalty and courage undertaken for friends (mitrārthe), while also reminding that even commendable motives become tragic when enacted through warfare; personal virtue does not necessarily prevent catastrophic outcomes in a dharma-conflicted battle.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that two fighters, striving valiantly on behalf of their friends, are brought down in the battle by Droṇa, emphasizing Droṇa’s lethal effectiveness and the ongoing attrition of warriors.