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Shloka 28

Aśvatthāman’s Arrow-Screen and the Confrontation with Yudhiṣṭhira (द्रौणि–युधिष्ठिर-संग्रामः)

गायन्ति चाप्यबद्धानि प्रवर्तन्ते च कामतः । कामप्रलापिनो<चन्योन्यं तेषु धर्म: कथं भवेत्‌

gāyanti cāpy abaddhāni pravartante ca kāmataḥ | kāmapralāpino 'nyonyaṃ teṣu dharmaḥ kathaṃ bhavet ||

Sie singen sogar wirre, unzusammenhängende Lieder und handeln einzig nach der Laune des Begehrens. Wenn Menschen einander im Gestammel der Leidenschaft anreden, wie könnte unter ihnen Dharma entstehen?

गायन्तिthey sing
गायन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootगै (गाय्)
Formलट् (वर्तमान), प्रथम, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अबद्धानिunconnected, incoherent (things/words)
अबद्धानि:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअबद्ध
Formनपुंसक, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
प्रवर्तन्तेthey proceed/act
प्रवर्तन्ते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र√वृत् (वर्तते)
Formलट् (वर्तमान), प्रथम, बहुवचन, आत्मनेपद
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कामतःat will, as they please
कामतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकाम
Formतसिल्-प्रत्यय (ablatival adverb)
कामप्रलापिनःthose who speak wantonly/at random
कामप्रलापिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकामप्रलापिन्
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्योन्यम्mutually, one another
अन्योन्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्योन्य
Formक्रियाविशेषण (adverbial accusative)
तेषुamong them/in them
तेषु:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन
धर्मःdharma, righteousness
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
भवेत्could be / would arise
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formलिङ् (विधिलिङ्), प्रथम, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

कर्ण उवाच

कर्ण (Karna)
धर्म (Dharma)
काम (Kāma)

Educational Q&A

When desire governs speech and behavior—producing incoherent, passion-driven talk—dharma (right order and ethical conduct) cannot be established; self-restraint is presented as a prerequisite for dharma.

Karna is speaking critically about people whose actions and words are driven by kāma (passion), arguing that such a state of mind undermines the possibility of dharma among them.