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Shloka 2

Aśvatthāman’s Arrow-Screen and the Confrontation with Yudhiṣṭhira (द्रौणि–युधिष्ठिर-संग्रामः)

कर्ण उवाच गुणान्‌ गुणवतां शल्य गुणवान्‌ वेत्ति नागुण: । त्वं तु शल्य गुणैहीन: कि ज्ञास्यसि गुणागुणम्‌,कर्णने कहा--शल्य! गुणवान्‌ पुरुषोंके गुणोंको गुणवान्‌ ही जानता है, गुणहीन नहीं। तुम तो समस्त गुणोंसे शून्य हो; फिर गुण-अवगुण क्या समझोगे?

karṇa uvāca

guṇān guṇavatāṁ śalya guṇavān vetti nāguṇaḥ |

tvaṁ tu śalya guṇair hīnaḥ kiṁ jñāsyasi guṇāguṇam ||

Karna sprach: „O Śalya, nur ein Mann von Verdienst erkennt die Verdienste der Verdienten; wer ohne Verdienst ist, erkennt sie nicht. Du aber, Śalya, bist aller Tugenden bar — wie solltest du da zwischen Tugend und Fehl unterscheiden können?“

कर्णःKarna
कर्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
गुणान्qualities/virtues
गुणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
गुणवताम्of the virtuous/possessing qualities
गुणवताम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootगुणवत्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
शल्यO Shalya
शल्य:
TypeNoun
Rootशल्य
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
गुणवान्a virtuous person/one possessing qualities
गुणवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootगुणवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वेत्तिknows
वेत्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अगुणःone without qualities (unvirtuous person)
अगुणः:
Karta
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअगुण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
तुbut/however
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
शल्यO Shalya
शल्य:
TypeNoun
Rootशल्य
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
गुणैःwith qualities/virtues
गुणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
हीनःdevoid of/lacking
हीनः:
TypeAdjective
Rootहीन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
किम्what
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ज्ञास्यसिwill you know/understand
ज्ञास्यसि:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormSimple Future (Lृट्), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
गुणागुणम्merit and demerit; virtues and faults
गुणागुणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुण + अगुण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

कर्ण उवाच

K
Karṇa
Ś
Śalya

Educational Q&A

The verse asserts an ethical principle: discernment of virtue (guṇa) requires inner cultivation; a person lacking virtues is portrayed as unfit to judge virtue and fault in others.

In the Karṇa–Śalya exchange during the war context, Karṇa rebukes Śalya, accusing him of being devoid of virtues and therefore incapable of evaluating the merits and faults of worthy people—an escalation in their verbal conflict.