Shloka 47
दुर्योधन–द्रोणसंवादः
Arjuna-vīrya-prasaṃśā and renewed battle formation
Devanagari script
महानपनयस्त्वेष नित्यं हि तव सूतज
Transliteration
mahān apanayas tveṣa nityaṃ hi tava sūtaja
Translation
Kṛpa sprach: „O Sohn eines Wagenlenkers, dies ist eine schwere Schmach — ja, sie ist in deinem Verhalten stets gegenwärtig.“
Word by Word
महान्great
महान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपनयःdisrespect; dishonor; impropriety
अपनयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअपनय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut; indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
एषःthis (one)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नित्यम्always; constantly
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
हिindeed; for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
तवof you; your
तव:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
सूतजO son of a charioteer
सूतज:
TypeNoun
Rootसूतज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
कृप उवाच
Characters & Entities
K
Kṛpa (speaker)S
Sūtaja (addressed person; ‘son of a sūta’)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse frames unethical conduct as ‘apanaya’—a lasting dishonour—implying that repeated wrongdoing becomes a persistent moral stain. It also shows how censure in epic discourse appeals to reputation and dharma to restrain harmful behavior.
Kṛpa addresses an opponent/associate with the pointed vocative ‘sūtaja’ and rebukes him, declaring that what he has done (or his manner of acting) constitutes a great disgrace and is characteristic of him.