Shloka 50

ततो<वहारं चक्कुस्ते द्रोणदुर्योधनादय: । तान्‌ विदित्वा पुनस्त्रस्तानयुद्धमनस: परान्‌

tato ’vahāraṃ cakuste droṇaduryodhanādayaḥ | tān viditvā punas trastān ayuddhamanasaḥ parān |

Sañjaya sprach: Darauf ersannen Droṇa, Duryodhana und die anderen eine List. Als sie erkannten, dass ihre Gegner erneut in Furcht geraten waren und nicht mehr entschlossen zu kämpfen, suchten sie dieses Schwanken auszunutzen—durch taktisches Manövrieren statt durch offenen Zusammenstoß, und zeigten damit, wie Angst die Pflicht des Kriegers untergräbt und im Krieg opportunistischen Rat heraufbeschwört.

ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
FormAvyaya (ablatival adverb: 'from there/then')
अवहारम्withdrawal/retreat
अवहारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअवहार
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormAvyaya (conjunction)
चक्रुःthey made/did
चक्रुः:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Plural
तेthey/those
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
द्रोण-दुर्योधन-आदयःDrona, Duryodhana and others
द्रोण-दुर्योधन-आदयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण + दुर्योधन + आदि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तान्them
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
विदित्वाhaving known/understood
विदित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा), indeclinable
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
FormAvyaya (adverb)
त्रस्तान्frightened
त्रस्तान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रस्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural (past passive participle used adjectivally)
अयुद्ध-मनसःwith minds set on not fighting/unwarlike-minded
अयुद्ध-मनसः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअयुद्ध + मनस्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
परान्the enemies/opponents
परान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Droṇa
D
Duryodhana

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how fear and loss of resolve undermine dharma in battle: when warriors become ayuddha-manasaḥ (unwilling to fight), adversaries may resort to calculated stratagems. It implicitly warns that ethical steadiness and courage are crucial, because wavering invites manipulation and escalates tactical opportunism.

Sañjaya reports that Droṇa, Duryodhana, and their allies devise a tactical maneuver after perceiving that the opposing side has again become frightened and mentally withdrawn from fighting. They plan to take advantage of that momentary weakness.