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Shloka 3

अध्याय १४८ — कर्णप्रभावः, धृष्टद्युम्नस्य विरथता, तथा घटोत्कच-आह्वानम्

Chapter 148: Karṇa’s Pressure, Dhṛṣṭadyumna Unhorsed, and the Summoning of Ghaṭotkaca

स रणे व्यचरत्‌ पार्थ: प्रेक्षमाणो धनंजय:,प्रलीनमीनमकरं सागराम्भ इवाभवत्‌ | संजय कहते हैं--राजन्‌! उस समय अर्जुनके द्वारा खींचे जानेवाले गाण्डीव धनुषकी अत्यन्त भयंकर टंकार यमराजकी सुस्पष्ट गर्जना तथा इन्द्रके वज्रकी गड़गड़ाहटके समान जान पड़ती थी। उसे सुनकर आपकी सेना भयसे उद्विग्न हो बड़ी घबराहटमें पड़ गयी। उस समय उसकी दशा प्रलयकालकी आँधीसे क्षोभको प्राप्त एवं उत्ताल तरंगोंसे परिपूर्ण हुए उस महासागरके जलकी-सी हो गयी, जिसमें मछली और मगर आदि जलजन्तु छिप जाते हैं

sa raṇe vyacarat pārthaḥ prekṣamāṇo dhanañjayaḥ, pralīna-mīna-makaraṃ sāgarāmbha ivābhavat |

Sañjaya sprach: O König, in jener Schlacht bewegte sich Pārtha—Arjuna, der Sohn der Pṛthā, genannt Dhanañjaya—über das Feld und musterte es. Er glich den Wassern des Ozeans zur Zeit der Auflösung: so aufgewühlt, dass Fische und Makara (Krokodile und Meeresungeheuer) untertauchen und dem Blick entschwinden.

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
व्यचरत्moved about, acted
व्यचरत्:
TypeVerb
Rootचर्
FormImperfect (Lan), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada, Active
पार्थःson of Pritha (Arjuna)
पार्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रेक्षमाणःlooking on, observing
प्रेक्षमाणः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रेक्ष्
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
धनंजयःDhananjaya (Arjuna)
धनंजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधनंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रलीनhidden, dissolved
प्रलीन:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-ली
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Accusative, Singular
मीनfish
मीन:
TypeNoun
Rootमीन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
मकरम्crocodile/sea-monster
मकरम्:
TypeNoun
Rootमकर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सागराम्भःocean-water
सागराम्भः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसागर-अम्भस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अभवत्became, was
अभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect (Lan), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada, Active

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna
P
Pārtha
D
Dhanañjaya
O
Ocean (sāgara)
F
Fish (mīna)
M
Makara (crocodile/sea-creature)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how dharmically directed resolve can become overwhelming in effect: Arjuna’s focused, discerning action on the battlefield is portrayed as a force before which opposing power ‘submerges,’ emphasizing the moral and psychological dimensions of righteous warfare in the epic.

Sañjaya describes Arjuna moving through the battle while surveying the situation. Using an ocean simile, he conveys that Arjuna’s advance is so formidable that enemies are like fish and crocodiles disappearing beneath turbulent waters—suggesting panic, concealment, and loss of initiative among the opposing side.