Shloka 18

Droṇa’s Rebuke to Duryodhana after Jayadratha’s Fall (द्रोणेन दुर्योधनं प्रति प्रत्युक्तिः)

Devanagari script

तयोरभावे कुरव: कृतार्था: स्युर्वयं जिता: । ते यूयं सहिता भूत्वा तूर्णमेव बलार्णवम्‌

Transliteration

tayor abhāve kuravaḥ kṛtārthāḥ syur vayaṁ jitāḥ | te yūyaṁ sahitā bhūtvā tūṛṇam eva balārṇavam ||

Translation

Sañjaya sprach: „Wenn jene beiden nicht mehr sind, werden die Kauravas ihr Ziel erreicht haben, und wir sind geschlagen. Darum, ihr alle, schließt euch zusammen und eilt, jenem meeresgleichen Heer an Kraft entgegenzutreten.“

Word by Word

• तयोः: of those two
• तयोः: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/स्त्री/नपुं, षष्ठी, द्विवचन

• अभावे: in the absence
• अभावे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अभाव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• कुरवः: the Kurus
• कुरवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुरु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• कृतार्थाः: having achieved their purpose / successful
• कृतार्थाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृतार्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• स्युः: would be
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ्, प्रथम, बहुवचन

• वयम्: we
• वयम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/स्त्री/नपुं, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• जिताः: defeated
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जि (धातु) → जित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• ते: they
• ते: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• यूयम्: you (all)
• यूयम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/स्त्री/नपुं, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• सहिता: united / together
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सह् (धातु) → सहित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• भूत्वा: having become
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा (अव्यय-भाव), कर्तरि

• तूर्णम्: quickly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तूर्णम् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)

• एव: indeed / just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (निपात)

• बलार्णवम्: the ocean of (enemy) forces / the sea of strength
• बलार्णवम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: बलार्णव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं, द्वितीया, एकवचन

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Kauravas
• balārṇava (vast army/host)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse stresses strategic clarity and collective action: when key protectors are lost, defeat becomes imminent; therefore unity and swift, coordinated response are essential in crisis.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports an urgent assessment to Dhṛtarāṣṭra: if ‘those two’ crucial figures fall, the Kauravas’ objective is fulfilled and the speaker’s side will be overcome; hence the warriors are urged to unite and rapidly face the massive opposing force.