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Shloka 21

अर्जुनस्य गुरुधर्मविलापः तथा शैनेयकर्णयोर्युद्धारम्भः | Arjuna’s Lament on Guru-Dharma and the Opening of the Sātyaki–Karṇa Duel

तानेवं ब्रुवतो वीरान्‌ सात्यकिर्निशितै: शरै: । जघान त्रिशतानश्चान्‌ कुज्जरांश्व चतु:ःशतान्‌,(लघ्वस्त्रश्चनित्रयोधी च प्रहसन्‌ शिनिपुड्भवः ।) शीघ्रतापूर्वक अस्त्र चलानेवाले एवं विचित्र युद्धकी कलामें निपुण शिनिप्रवर सात्यकिने हँसते हुए वहाँ उपर्युक्त बातें बोलनेवाले तीन सौ वीर घुड़सवारों तथा चार सौ हाथीसवारोंको अपने तीखे बाणोंसे मार गिराया

sañjaya uvāca |

tān evaṁ bruvato vīrān sātyakir niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ |

jaghāna triśatān aśvān kuñjarāṁś catuḥśatān ||

Sañjaya sprach: Während jene Helden so redeten, streckte Sātyaki sie mit seinen scharf geschliffenen Pfeilen nieder — dreihundert Reiter und vierhundert Elefantenkämpfer. Der Vornehmste aus dem Geschlecht der Śini, schnell im Waffengebrauch und kundig in mancherlei Kriegskunst, lächelte dabei und fällte die, die solche Rufe ausstießen.

तान्those (men)
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
ब्रुवतःof (him) speaking
ब्रुवतः:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormPresent active participle, Masculine, Genitive, Singular
वीरान्heroes/warriors
वीरान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सात्यकिःSātyaki
सात्यकिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसात्यकि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निशितैःsharp
निशितैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootनिशित
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
शरैःwith arrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
जघानstruck down/killed
जघान:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्रिशतान्three hundred
त्रिशतान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रिशत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अश्वान्horses/horsemen
अश्वान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
चतुःशतान्four hundred
चतुःशतान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुःशत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
कुञ्जरान्elephants/elephant-riders
कुञ्जरान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकुञ्जर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

संजय उवाच

संजय (Sañjaya)
सात्यकि (Sātyaki)
शर (arrows)
अश्व (horses/horsemen)
कुञ्जर (elephants/elephant-riders)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the grim ethic of battlefield dharma: in war, declarations and threats quickly give way to action, and mastery of arms becomes decisive. It also implicitly points to the moral cost of conflict—numbers and efficiency replace individual lives, revealing war’s dehumanizing momentum.

Sañjaya reports that Sātyaki, responding to warriors who were speaking boastfully or challengingly, shoots them down with sharp arrows—three hundred cavalry and four hundred from the elephant corps—demonstrating his speed and lethal effectiveness in the Drona Parva battle.