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Shloka 296

भीष्मस्य दुर्योधनं प्रति उपालम्भः

Bhīṣma’s Reproof to Duryodhana

अन्तमद्य गमिष्यामि यदि नोत्सूजसे रणम्‌ | तदनन्तर क्रूर घटोत्कच क्रोधसे लाल आँखें करके दुर्योधनसे बोला--'ओ दुष्ट! आज मैं अपने उन पितरों और माताके ऋणसे उऋण हो जाऊँगा

antam adya gamiṣyāmi yadi notsṛjase raṇam |

Sañjaya sprach: „Heute werde ich dich an dein Ende bringen, wenn du die Schlacht nicht aufgibst.“ Daraufhin redete der grimmige Ghaṭotkaca—die Augen vor Zorn gerötet—zu Duryodhana: „Elender! Heute werde ich die Schuld begleichen, die ich meinen Ahnen und meiner Mutter schulde, die du zu langen Jahren des Exils im Wald gezwungen hast. Du bist grausam und verkehrt im Urteil. Du hast die Pāṇḍavas im Würfelspiel durch Betrug besiegt; du hast Kṛṣṇā, Drupadas Tochter, nur in ein einziges Gewand gehüllt und in ihrer Zeit, in die königliche Versammlung geschleift und sie mannigfach gedemütigt; und der ruchlose König von Sindhu, begierig, dir zu gefallen, hat meine Vorfahren verhöhnt, indem er Draupadī aus ihrer Einsiedelei entführte. Schande deines Geschlechts—wenn du nicht vom Feld fliehst, werde ich heute Rache nehmen für diese Schmach und für all deine übrigen Gewalttaten.“

अन्तम्end, limit
अन्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अद्यtoday
अद्य:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य
गमिष्यामिI shall go / reach
गमिष्यामि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormSimple Future (Luṭ), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उत्सृजसेyou abandon / give up
उत्सृजसे:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउत्सृज्
FormPresent (Laṭ), 2nd, Singular, Ātmanepada
रणम्battle, war
रणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तत्then/that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
अनन्तरम्after that, thereafter
अनन्तरम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनन्तर
क्रूरcruel (O ...)
क्रूर:
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रूर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
घटोत्कचO Ghaṭotkaca
घटोत्कच:
TypeNoun
Rootघटोत्कच
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
क्रोधसेwith anger
क्रोधसे:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootक्रोध
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
लालred
लाल:
TypeAdjective
Rootलाल
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
आखेंeyes
आखें:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअक्षि
FormNeuter, Accusative, Dual
करकेhaving made / making
करके:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormAbsolutive (ktvā), Parasmaipada
दुर्योधनसेfrom/at Duryodhana
दुर्योधनसे:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
बोलाsaid/spoke
बोला:
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
FormPerfect/Preterite (contextual Hindi rendering), 3rd, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
G
Ghaṭotkaca
D
Duryodhana
P
Pāṇḍavas
D
Draupadī (Kṛṣṇā, Drupadakumārī)
D
Drupada
S
Sindhurāja (Jayadratha)
A
ancestors (pitaras)
M
mother (mātā)
D
dice-game (dyūta)
R
royal assembly (sabhā)
H
hermitage (āśrama)
B
battlefield (raṇa)

Educational Q&A

The passage frames war as the moral consequence of sustained adharma: deceit in the dice-game, public humiliation of a woman, and abuse of power generate a demand for accountability. It also highlights the idea of ṛṇa (obligation)—a warrior’s duty to repay moral debts to family and lineage by defending honor and rectifying grave wrongs.

Sañjaya reports a moment on the battlefield where Ghaṭotkaca, enraged, threatens Duryodhana with death unless he abandons the fight. He justifies his vow by recalling key Kaurava offenses: the rigged dice defeat of the Pāṇḍavas, Draupadī’s humiliation in the assembly, and Jayadratha’s abduction attempt—presenting the coming violence as retribution for these acts.