Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 32

भीष्मवधाय प्रयाणम् — The Advance toward Bhīṣma and Counter-Engagements

शोणितोदं शरावर्त गजद्दीपं हयोर्मिणम्‌ | रथनौभिरन्नरव्याप्रा: प्रतेर: सैन्यसागरम्‌

sañjaya uvāca |

śoṇitodaṁ śarāvartaṁ gajadvīpaṁ hayormimam |

rathanāubhir naraśreṣṭhāḥ prateruḥ sainyasāgaram ||

Sañjaya sprach: Jenes Heer glich einem gewaltigen Ozean — sein Wasser war Blut, seine Strudel waren die kreisenden Pfeile; die Elefanten standen wie Inseln, und die Pferde stiegen auf wie Wellen. In diesem Meer der Schlacht setzten die Vornehmsten der Menschen in Wagen über, als wären es Boote — ein Bild für die überwältigende Gewalt des Krieges und den unerbittlichen Entschluss der Kämpfer auf einem Feld, das von Blut und Gewalt getränkt war.

शोणित-उदम्having blood as water / blood-watered
शोणित-उदम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशोणित + उद
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शर-आवर्तम्having arrows as whirlpools
शर-आवर्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशर + आवर्त
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
गज-द्वीपम्having elephants as islands
गज-द्वीपम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootगज + द्वीप
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
हय-ऊर्मिणम्having horses as waves
हय-ऊर्मिणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootहय + ऊर्मि
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
रथ-नौभिःby chariot-boats
रथ-नौभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ + नौ
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Plural
नर-व्याघ्राःtigers among men (great heroes)
नर-व्याघ्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर + व्याघ्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रतेरुःthey crossed
प्रतेरुः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + तॄ (तरणे)
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural
सैन्य-सागरम्the army-ocean
सैन्य-सागरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य + सागर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
army (sainya)
B
blood (śoṇita)
A
arrows (śarāḥ)
E
elephants (gaja)
H
horses (haya)
C
chariots (ratha)
O
ocean/sea (sāgara)

Educational Q&A

The verse is primarily descriptive rather than doctrinal: it portrays war as an all-consuming ‘ocean’ that must be crossed, highlighting both the grandeur and the horror of battle. Ethically, it underscores the immense cost of conflict—blood as ‘water’—even while acknowledging the warriors’ steadfast courage and kṣatriya resolve.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra the intensity of the Kurukṣetra fighting. He likens the army to a sea of blood with arrow-whirlpools; elephants appear as islands, horses as waves, and warriors move through it using chariots like boats, conveying the scale and turbulence of the battle.