Shloka 62

अध्याय ८० — मध्यंदिन-रणवृत्तान्तः

Yudhiṣṭhira–Śrutāyu encounter; Cekitāna–Gautama clash; Abhimanyu pressure; Arjuna’s redeployment

Devanagari script

तेडभिजाता महेष्वासा: सुवर्णविकृतध्वजा: । परीप्सन्तो5 भ्यधावन्त धृष्टद्युम्नवृकोदरौ

Transliteration

teḍabhijāta mahēṣvāsāḥ suvarṇa-vikṛta-dhvajāḥ | parīpsanto 'bhyadhāvanta dhṛṣṭadyumna-vṛkodarau ||

Translation

Sañjaya sprach: Jene hochgeborenen, mächtigen Bogenschützen—geschmückt mit aus Gold gearbeiteten Bannern—stürmten mit großer Geschwindigkeit voran, entschlossen, Dhṛṣṭadyumna und Vṛkodara (Bhīma) zu schützen. Der Vers hebt die Ethik des Schlachtfeldes hervor: Elitekrieger werden nicht nur an ihrer Kampfkraft gemessen, sondern an ihrer Bereitschaft, Gefährten in der Krise des Krieges zu decken.

Word by Word

• ते: they/those
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• अभिजाताः: well-born, noble
• अभिजाताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अभिजात
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• महेष्वासाः: great bowmen
• महेष्वासाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: महेष्वास
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सुवर्णविकृतध्वजाः: having banners adorned/formed with gold
• सुवर्णविकृतध्वजाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुवर्णविकृतध्वज
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• परीप्सन्तः: wishing to protect/secure
• परीप्सन्तः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: परीप्सत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• अभ्यधावन्त: ran towards, rushed
• Type: Verb
• Root: धाव्
• Form: Imperfect, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• धृष्टद्युम्नवृकोदरौ: Dhrishtadyumna and Vrikodara (Bhima)
• धृष्टद्युम्नवृकोदरौ: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धृष्टद्युम्न-वृकोदर
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Dual

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛṣṭadyumna
• Vṛkodara (Bhīma)
• golden banners (suvarṇa-dhvaja)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores a key aspect of kṣatriya-dharma: valor is inseparable from the duty to protect one’s comrades and commanders. Nobility and martial excellence are shown through swift, self-risking support in battle.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes a group of noble, powerful archers with gold-ornamented standards charging forward rapidly, aiming to protect Dhṛṣṭadyumna and Vṛkodara (Bhīma) amid the ongoing combat.