Shloka 11

Devanagari script

अर्धचन्द्रेण व्यूहेन व्यूहं तमतिदारुणम्‌ । दक्षिणं शुड्रमास्थाय भीमसेनो व्यरोचत,शत्रुओंको संताप देनेवाले सव्यसाची अर्जुनने कौरव-सेनाकी वह व्यूह-रचना देखकर युद्धभूमिमें उसका सामना करनेके लिये धृष्टद्युम्मको साथ लेकर अपनी सेनाका अत्यन्त भयंकर अर्धचन्द्राकार व्यूह बनाया। उसके दक्षिण शिखरपर भीमसेन सुशोभित हुए

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | ardhacandreṇa vyūhena vyūhaṃ tam atidāruṇam | dakṣiṇaṃ śṛṅgam āsthāya bhīmaseno vyarocata ||

Translation

Sañjaya sprach: Mit einer bogenförmigen, halbmondgleichen Schlachtordnung traten sie jener überaus schrecklichen Formation entgegen. Auf dem rechten Flügel—dem rechten „Horn“—nahm Bhīmasena Stellung und leuchtete hervor.

Word by Word

अर्धचन्द्रेणwith/by a half-moon (crescent) formation

व्यूहेनby a battle-array/formation

व्यूहम्the formation

तम्that

अतिदारुणम्exceedingly dreadful

दक्षिणम्the right (side/wing)

शृङ्गम्horn, wing, peak (of the array)

आस्थायhaving taken/occupying

भीमसेनःBhimasena

व्यरोचतshone forth, was splendid

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sanjaya

Bhimasena

ardhacandra-vyuha (crescent formation)

right wing/right horn (dakṣiṇa-śṛṅga)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even amid war, action is portrayed as disciplined and duty-bound: warriors take assigned positions within an ordered formation, emphasizing responsibility, coordination, and steadfastness rather than impulsive violence.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sanjaya describes a tactical response on the battlefield: a crescent-shaped formation is arranged to meet a very fierce opposing array, and Bhimasena is highlighted as occupying and shining on the right wing (right ‘horn’) of that formation.