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Shloka 115

Daiva–Puruṣakāra Discourse and the Elephant-Corps Engagement (भीमगजानीक-सम्भ्रान्ति)

भीष्मस्तु निहते तस्मिन्‌ सारथौ रथिनां वर: । वातायमानैस्तैरश्वैरपनीतो रणाजिरात्‌,रथियोंमें श्रेष्ठ भीष्म सारथिके मारे जानेपर हवाके समान भागनेवाले घोड़ोंके द्वारा रणभूमिसे बाहर कर दिये गये

bhīṣmas tu nihate tasmin sārathau rathināṃ varaḥ | vātāyamānais tair aśvair apanīto raṇājirāt ||

Sañjaya sprach: Als jener Wagenlenker erschlagen war, wurde Bhīṣma—der Erste unter den Wagenkämpfern—von jenen Pferden, die nun wie vom Wind getrieben dahinstürmten, vom Schlachtfeld fortgetragen. Der Vers betont, dass im Krieg selbst die Größten den Umständen unterworfen sind: Der Fall eines einzigen Stützenden (des Wagenlenkers) kann zum Rückzug zwingen und die wechselseitige Abhängigkeit und Zerbrechlichkeit hinter der kriegerischen Stärke offenbaren.

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
निहतेwhen (he) was slain
निहते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-हन्
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तस्मिन्in that (person/time)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
सारथौin/when the charioteer
सारथौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसारथि
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
रथिनाम्of chariot-warriors
रथिनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootरथि
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
वरःthe best
वरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वातायमानैःmoving like the wind
वातायमानैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootवातायमान
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
तैःby those
तैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अश्वैःby horses
अश्वैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अपनीतःwas carried away/removed
अपनीतः:
TypeVerb
Rootअप-नी
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Passive (past participle)
रणाजिरात्from the battlefield
रणाजिरात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootरणाजिर
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
B
Bhishma
C
charioteer (sārathi)
H
horses
B
battlefield (raṇājira)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the dependence of even the mightiest warrior on supporting roles and conditions. The death of the charioteer becomes a decisive factor, showing that prowess alone does not guarantee control; in war, outcomes hinge on interconnected causes and sudden reversals.

Sañjaya reports that after Bhishma’s charioteer is killed, Bhishma is taken away from the fighting ground as the horses bolt wind-swift, effectively removing his chariot from the battlefield.