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Shloka 10

Chapter 51: Saṃdhyākāla-saṃhāra

Evening Withdrawal after Arjuna’s Counter-Advance

कृतवर्माणमेकेन शल्यं पठ्चभिराशुगै: । विद्ध्वा नवभिरानर्च्छच्छिताग्रै: प्रपितामहम्‌,उन्होंने एक बाणसे कृतवर्माको और पाँच शीघ्रगामी बाणोंसे शल्यको बेधकर तीखी धारवाले नौ बाणोंसे प्रपितामह भीष्मको भी चोट पहुँचायी

kṛtavarmāṇam ekena śalyaṃ pañcabhir āśugaiḥ | viddhvā navabhir ānarcchac chitāgraiḥ prapitāmaham ||

Sañjaya sprach: Mit einem einzigen Pfeil traf er Kṛtavarmā; mit fünf schnellfliegenden Geschossen durchbohrte er Śalya; und dann verwundete er auch den ehrwürdigen Ahn Bhīṣma mit neun scharf zugespitzten Pfeilen.

कृतवर्माणम्Kṛtavarman (as object)
कृतवर्माणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकृतवर्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एकेनwith one (arrow)
एकेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
शल्यंŚalya (as object)
शल्यं:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशल्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पञ्चभिःwith five (arrows)
पञ्चभिः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्च
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
आशुगैःswift-moving
आशुगैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootआशुग
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
विद्ध्वाhaving pierced
विद्ध्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यध्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
नवभिःwith nine (arrows)
नवभिः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootनव
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
आनर्च्छत्he struck / he reached (i.e., hit)
आनर्च्छत्:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-ऋच्छ्
FormImperfect (लङ्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
छिताग्रैःwith sharp-pointed (arrows)
छिताग्रैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootछिताग्र
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
प्रपितामहम्the great-grandsire (Bhīṣma)
प्रपितामहम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रपितामह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Kṛtavarmā
Ś
Śalya
B
Bhīṣma (Prapitāmaha)
A
arrows

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the uncompromising momentum of dharma-bound warfare: once battle is joined under pledged allegiance, even revered elders like Bhīṣma become legitimate targets within the rules of combat. It invites reflection on the tension between reverence for elders and the harsh necessities of kṣatriya duty.

Sañjaya reports a sequence of precise attacks: one arrow hits Kṛtavarmā, five swift arrows pierce Śalya, and nine sharp-pointed arrows then strike Bhīṣma, showing the attacker’s speed and martial control amid the Kurukṣetra fighting.