Shloka 2
Arjuna’s Surrender and Kṛṣṇa’s Instruction on the Imperishable Self, Svadharma, and Karma-Yoga
Bhīṣma-parva 24.0
Devanagari script
के पूर्व प्राहरंस्तत्र युद्धे हृदयकम्पने । मामका: पाण्डवेया वा तन्ममाचक्ष्व संजय,संजय! हृदयको कम्पित कर देनेवाले संग्राममें किन्होंने पहले संग्राम किया, मेरे पुत्रोंने या पाण्डवोंने? यह मुझे बताओ
Transliteration
ke pūrvaṃ prāharan tatra yuddhe hṛdayakampane | māmakāḥ pāṇḍaveyā vā tan mamācakṣva sañjaya sañjaya ||
Translation
Dhṛtarāṣṭra sprach: „In jener herzerschütternden Schlacht — wer schlug zuerst zu: meine Söhne oder die Söhne Pāṇḍus? Sage es mir, Sañjaya.“
Word by Word
केwho (which persons)
के:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
पूर्वम्first, earlier
पूर्वम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व
प्राहरन्struck, attacked
प्राहरन्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-हृ
Formimperfect (laṅ), 3rd, plural, parasmaipada
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
युद्धेin the battle
युद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
Formneuter, locative, singular
हृदयकम्पनेin the heart-trembling (battle)
हृदयकम्पने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootहृदयकम्पन
Formneuter, locative, singular
मामकाःmy men (my sons’ side)
मामकाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमामक
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
पाण्डवेयाःthe Pandavas’ men
पाण्डवेयाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपाण्डवेय
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
तत्that (fact)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
ममto me / of me
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formgenitive, singular
आचक्ष्वtell, declare
आचक्ष्व:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-चक्ष्
Formimperative (loṭ), 2nd, singular, parasmaipada
संजयO Sanjaya
संजय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun (proper name)
Rootसंजय
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
Speaker
धृतराष्ट उवाच
Characters & Entities
D
DhṛtarāṣṭraS
SañjayaM
Māmakāḥ (Kauravas)P
Pāṇḍaveyāḥ (Pāṇḍavas)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes