Shloka 3

कस्य सेनासमुदये गन्धमाल्यसमुद्धव: । वाच: प्रदक्षिणाश्वैव योधानामभिगर्जताम्‌,किसकी सेनाओंमें सुगन्धित पुष्पमाला आदिका प्रादुर्भाव हुआ? किस पक्षके गर्जते हुए योद्धाओंकी वाणी उदारतापूर्ण और उत्साहयुक्त थी?

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca | kasya senāsamudaye gandhamālyasamudbhavaḥ | vācaḥ pradakṣiṇāś caiva yodhānām abhigarjatām |

Dhṛtarāṣṭra sprach: „Beim Aufmarsch welches Heeres erhoben sich Duft und das Erscheinen von Blumengirlanden? Und auf welcher Seite klangen die Stimmen der brüllenden Krieger glückverheißend, als gutes Omen — voll Zuversicht, Großmut und Kampfesglut — und kündeten von Vorteil an Recht und Waffen?“

कस्यof whom/whose
कस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
सेना-समुदयेin the assemblage of the army
सेना-समुदये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसेना-समुदय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
गन्ध-माल्य-समुद्भवःthe arising/appearance of perfumes and garlands
गन्ध-माल्य-समुद्भवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगन्ध-माल्य-समुद्भव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वाचःvoices/speeches
वाचः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
प्रदक्षिणाःauspicious/favorable (lit. right-circling)
प्रदक्षिणाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रदक्षिण
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
योधानाम्of the warriors
योधानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootयोद्धृ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अभिगर्जताम्of (those) roaring loudly
अभिगर्जताम्:
Sambandha
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-गर्ज्
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Genitive, Plural

धृतराष्ट उवाच

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
A
army (senā)
G
garlands (mālya)
F
fragrance (gandha)
W
warriors (yodha)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how leaders seek signs (omens) to judge the moral and psychological momentum of a conflict. It implicitly contrasts mere power with auspiciousness—suggesting that righteousness, confidence, and inner alignment are perceived as indicators of success, not only numbers or weapons.

Dhṛtarāṣṭra questions Sañjaya about the battlefield atmosphere: in which army’s gathering auspicious signs like fragrant flower-garlands appeared, and on which side the warriors’ loud cries sounded favorable (pradakṣiṇa), indicating heightened morale and a promising portent.