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Shloka 37

भीष्मस्य शरशय्या-प्राप्तिः

Bhīṣma’s Fall to the Arrow-Bed

घटोत्कचं रणे यान्तं निघ्नन्तं तव वाहिनीम्‌ । दुर्मुख: समरे प्रायाद्‌ भीष्महेतो: पराक्रमी,उसी समय पराक्रमी दुर्मुखने समरभूमिमें भीष्मकी रक्षाके लिये राक्षस घटोत्कचपर आक्रमण किया, जो युद्धके मैदानमें आपकी सेनाका संहार करता हुआ आगे बढ़ रहा था

sañjaya uvāca |

ghaṭotkacaṁ raṇe yāntaṁ nighnantaṁ tava vāhinīm |

durmukhaḥ samare prāyād bhīṣma-hetoḥ parākramī ||

Sañjaya sprach: „Als Durmukha sah, wie Ghaṭotkaca in die Schlacht vordrang und deine Heere niedermähte, stürzte der Tapfere gegen ihn in den Kampf—um Bhīṣma zu schützen. So wird im Wirrwarr des Krieges die persönliche Kraft von Treue und Pflicht gegenüber dem Feldherrn gelenkt, selbst wenn der Gegner eine furchterregende, vernichtende Macht ist.“

घटोत्कचम्Ghaṭotkaca (as object)
घटोत्कचम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootघटोत्कच
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
यान्तम्going/advancing
यान्तम्:
TypeVerb
Rootया
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
निघ्नन्तम्slaying/striking down
निघ्नन्तम्:
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (नि + हन्)
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
तवyour
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
वाहिनीम्army
वाहिनीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाहिनी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
दुर्मुखःDurmukha (the warrior)
दुर्मुखः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्मुख
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समरेin the battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
प्रायात्went forth/advanced
प्रायात्:
TypeVerb
Rootया (प्र + या)
FormAorist (luṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
भीष्महेतोःfor Bhīṣma's sake (as cause/motive)
भीष्महेतोः:
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्महेतु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
पराक्रमीvaliant
पराक्रमी:
TypeAdjective
Rootपराक्रमिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
G
Ghaṭotkaca
D
Durmukha
B
Bhīṣma
K
Kaurava army (tava vāhinī)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how, in war, valor is often guided by allegiance and perceived duty: Durmukha’s courage is framed as service to Bhīṣma’s safety. It implicitly raises the ethical tension between loyalty to one’s leader and the destructive momentum of battle.

Ghaṭotkaca is advancing on the battlefield, slaughtering the Kaurava forces. In response, the valiant Kaurava warrior Durmukha charges forth to attack him, motivated by the need to protect/support Bhīṣma.