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Shloka 14

Mind as Charioteer; Kṣetrajña, Tapas, and Dhyāna-Yoga

Adhyātma-Upadeśa

यथा प्रदीपमादाय कश्चित्‌ तमसि गच्छति । तथा सन्त्वप्रदीपेन गच्छन्ति परमैषिण:

yathā pradīpam ādāya kaścit tamasi gacchati | tathā sattva-pradīpena gacchanti paramaiṣiṇaḥ ||

Wie jemand, eine Lampe ergreifend, durch die Dunkelheit geht, so schreiten die Sucher der höchsten Wirklichkeit den Übungsweg voran, erleuchtet vom Lampenlicht der Sattva — der Klarheit und Reinheit des Geistes.

यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
प्रदीपम्lamp
प्रदीपम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रदीप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आदायhaving taken
आदाय:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-दा
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
कश्चित्someone
कश्चित्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकश्चित्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तमसिin darkness
तमसि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootतमस्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
गच्छतिgoes/walks
गच्छति:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तथाso/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
सत्त्व-प्रदीपेनby/with the lamp of sattva (purity)
सत्त्व-प्रदीपेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसत्त्वप्रदीप
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
गच्छन्तिgo/proceed
गच्छन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
परम-एषिणःseekers of the supreme (truth)
परम-एषिणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपरमैषिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

वायुदेव उवाच

वायुदेव (Vāyudeva)
प्रदीप (lamp)
तमस् (darkness)
सत्त्व (sattva)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that sattva—mental clarity, purity, and balance—functions like a lamp for spiritual aspirants. Just as a lamp enables safe movement in darkness, sattva enables discernment and steady progress toward the supreme truth.

Vāyudeva speaks in the Ashvamedhika Parva, offering an instructive metaphor: seekers of the highest goal advance on the path of practice by relying on the illuminating power of sattva, contrasted with the obscuring nature of tamas (darkness).