Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 28

Dehānta (Cyavana) and Upapatti: Kāśyapa’s Questions and the Siddha’s Account of Death, Pain, and Karmic Re-embodiment

ततः सचेतनो जनन्‍्तुर्नाभिजानाति किंचन । तमसा संवृतज्ञान: संवृतेष्वेव मर्मसु । स जीवो निरधिष्ठानक्षाल्यते मातरिश्वना,तब अन्तकाल उपस्थित होनेपर प्राणी सचेतन होनेपर भी कुछ समझ नहीं पाता; क्योंकि तम (अविद्या)-के द्वारा उसकी ज्ञानशक्ति आवृत्त हो जाती है। मर्मस्थान भी अवरुद्ध हो जाते हैं। उस समय जीवके लिये कोई आधार नहीं रह जाता और वायु उसे अपने स्थानसे विचलित कर देती है

tataḥ sacetano jantur nābhijānāti kiṃcana | tamasā saṃvṛtajñānaḥ saṃvṛteṣv eva marmaṣu | sa jīvo niradhiṣṭhānaḥ kṣālyate mātariśvanā ||

Dann versteht das Lebewesen, obgleich es noch bei Bewusstsein ist, überhaupt nichts mehr. Seine Erkenntniskraft wird von Dunkelheit (Unwissenheit) verhüllt, und selbst die Lebenspunkte im Innern scheinen wie verschlossen. In jener letzten Stunde bleibt der jīva ohne Halt, und der Wind (der Lebenshauch) löst ihn von seinem Sitz—so wird das verkörperte Selbst, hilflos, von den Mächten fortgetrieben, die den Tod beherrschen.

ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात्)
Formअव्ययम्
सचेतनःconscious, sentient
सचेतनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसचेतन
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्
जन्तुःcreature, living being
जन्तुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजन्तु
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formअव्ययम् (निषेधः)
अभिजानातिunderstands/recognizes
अभिजानाति:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा (अभि + √ज्ञा)
Formलट्, परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्
किञ्चनanything
किञ्चन:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिञ्चन (किम्-प्रातिपदिकम्)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गः, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्
तमसाby darkness/ignorance
तमसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतमस्
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गः, तृतीया, एकवचनम्
संवृतज्ञानःwhose knowledge is covered
संवृतज्ञानः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसंवृत-ज्ञान (√वृ + सम्, उपसर्ग; ज्ञान)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्
संवृतेषुwhen/while (they are) closed/obstructed
संवृतेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसंवृत (√वृ + सम्)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे/पुंलिङ्गे, सप्तमी, बहुवचनम्
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
Formअव्ययम् (निश्चय/अवधारणम्)
मर्मसुin the vital points/joints
मर्मसु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमर्मन्
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गः, सप्तमी, बहुवचनम्
सःhe/that (being)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्
जीवःthe living self/creature
जीवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजीव
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्
निरधिष्ठानःwithout support/substratum
निरधिष्ठानः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिरधिष्ठान
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्
क्षाल्यतेis washed/cleansed (i.e., is swept/shifted)
क्षाल्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootक्षल् (√क्षल्)
Formलट्, आत्मनेपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; कर्मणि प्रयोगः
मातरिश्वनाby Mātariśvan (the wind)
मातरिश्वना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमातरिश्वन्
Formपुंलिङ्गः, तृतीया, एकवचनम्

सिद्ध उवाच

J
jantu (living being)
J
jīva (individual self)
T
tamas (ignorance/darkness)
M
marma (vital points)
M
Mātariśvan (Vāyu, wind/life-breath)

Educational Q&A

At the time of death, ignorance (tamas/avidyā) can eclipse discernment so thoroughly that even a conscious being cannot comprehend what is happening. The verse highlights human helplessness when inner clarity is absent, implying an ethical urgency: cultivate knowledge, self-control, and spiritual steadiness before the final moment, rather than relying on lucidity at the end.

A Siddha describes the dying condition: the creature’s cognition is covered by tamas, the vital junctions (marmas) are obstructed, and the jīva—lacking a stable support—is swept away by Mātariśvan (the wind/life-breath), i.e., the departing prāṇa dislodges the embodied self from its bodily seat.