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Shloka 21

Kāma–Mamatā–Upadeśa

Discourse on Desire, Possessiveness, and Ritual Duty

मा ते व्यथास्तु निहतान्‌ बन्धून्‌ वीक्ष्य पुनः पुनः । न शक्यास्ते पुनर्द्र्ट ये हता5स्मिन्‌ रणाजिरे

mā te vyathāstu nihatān bandhūn vīkṣya punaḥ punaḥ | na śakyās te punar draṣṭuṁ ye hatā'smin raṇājire ||

Vāyu sprach: „Betrübe dich nicht, wenn du immer wieder auf deine erschlagenen Verwandten blickst. Diejenigen, die auf diesem Schlachtfeld gefallen sind, können nicht wieder gesehen werden.“

माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
FormProhibitive particle (used with imperative/optative)
तेto you / your
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormGenitive singular (also possible dative singular by form; here genitive: 'of you/your')
व्यथाdistress, pain
व्यथा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्यथा
FormFeminine, nominative singular
अस्तुlet there be
अस्तु:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperative, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada
निहतान्slain, killed
निहतान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-हन्
FormMasculine, accusative plural; past passive participle (क्त)
बन्धून्kinsmen, relatives
बन्धून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबन्धु
FormMasculine, accusative plural
वीक्ष्यhaving seen
वीक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-ईक्ष्
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय, ल्यप्)
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
FormAdverb
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
FormAdverb
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormNegation
शक्याःpossible, able to be
शक्याः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशक्य
FormMasculine, nominative plural; potential passive participle (यत्)
तेby you
ते:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormInstrumental singular (also possible dative singular by form; here instrumental: 'by you')
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
FormAdverb
द्रष्टुम्to see
द्रष्टुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormInfinitive (तुमुन्)
येwho, those who
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, nominative plural (relative pronoun)
हताःslain
हताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहन्
FormMasculine, nominative plural; past passive participle (क्त)
अस्मिन्in this
अस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, locative singular
रणाजिरेon the battlefield
रणाजिरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरणाजिर
FormMasculine, locative singular

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyudeva
B
bandhu (kinsmen/relatives)
R
raṇājira (battlefield)

Educational Q&A

The verse urges restraint of grief through acceptance of irreversibility: death on the battlefield is final, and repeatedly revisiting the sight of the slain only deepens suffering. Ethically, it points toward steadiness of mind and recognition of impermanence amid the consequences of war.

Vāyudeva addresses a grieving listener who is repeatedly looking at fallen relatives after a battle. He offers consolation by stating that those killed in this war-arena cannot be seen again, encouraging the person to cease obsessive mourning and move forward.