Shloka 14
Brāhmaṇa-mahattva and Atithi-Dharma
Brahmagītā: Praise of Brāhmaṇas and norms of honor
यदि स्वविषये राजन प्रभुस्त्व॑ं रक्षणे नृणाम् खेचरस्य तृषार्तस्य न त्वं प्रभुरथोत्तम,श्रेष्ठ नरेश्वर! अपने देशमें रहनेवाले मनुष्योंकी ही रक्षा करनेके लिये आप राजा बनाये गये हैं। भूख-प्याससे पीड़ित हुए पक्षीके आप स्वामी नहीं हैं
yadi svaviṣaye rājan prabhus tvaṁ rakṣaṇe nṛṇām | khecarasya tṛṣārtasya na tvaṁ prabhur athottama ||
Der Habicht sprach: „Wenn, o König, deine Gewalt sich darauf erstreckt, die Menschen zu schützen, die in deinem eigenen Reich wohnen, dann bist du wahrlich zur Hut der Sterblichen ermächtigt. Doch über einen Himmelsvogel, von Hunger und Durst gequält, bist du nicht der Herr, o Vornehmster der Wagenlenker.“
श्येन उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse frames a boundary of royal authority: a king’s dharma is primarily the protection of human subjects within his realm. The hawk argues that this mandate does not automatically make the king the ‘master’ over every creature’s natural needs, especially a hungry, thirst-stricken bird, thereby raising questions about jurisdiction, duty, and the limits of intervention.
In a disputation involving a hawk (śyena) and a king, the hawk challenges the king’s claim to protect by asserting that the king’s protective authority applies to people of his territory, not to the hawk’s urgent condition as a sky-roaming creature driven by hunger and thirst.